512 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
512 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Traefik Nomad Service Discovery Routing"
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description: "Learn how to use Nomad Service Discovery as a provider for routing configurations in Traefik Proxy. Read the technical documentation."
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---
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# Traefik and Nomad Service Discovery
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A story of Tags, Services & Nomads
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{: .subtitle }
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Attach tags to your Nomad services and let Traefik do the rest!
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One of the best feature of Traefik is to delegate the routing configuration to the application level.
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With Nomad, Traefik can leverage tags attached to a service to generate routing rules.
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!!! warning "Tags & sensitive data"
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We recommend to *not* use tags to store sensitive data (certificates, credentials, etc).
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Instead, we recommend to store sensitive data in a safer storage (secrets, file, etc).
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## Routing Configuration
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!!! info "tags"
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- tags are case-insensitive.
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- The complete list of tags can be found [the reference page](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/nomad.md)
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### General
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Traefik creates, for each Nomad service, a corresponding Traefik [service](../services/index.md) and [router](../routers/index.md).
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The Traefik service automatically gets a server per instance in this Nomad service, and the router gets a default rule attached to it, based on the Nomad service name.
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### Routers
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To update the configuration of the Router automatically attached to the service, add tags starting with `traefik.routers.{name-of-your-choice}.` and followed by the option you want to change.
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For example, to change the rule, you could add the tag ```traefik.http.routers.my-service.rule=Host(`example.com`)```.
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.rule`"
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See [rule](../routers/index.md#rule) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.rule=Host(`example.com`)
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.entrypoints`"
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See [entry points](../routers/index.md#entrypoints) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.entrypoints=web,websecure
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.middlewares`"
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See [middlewares](../routers/index.md#middlewares) and [middlewares overview](../../middlewares/overview.md) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.middlewares=auth,prefix,cb
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.service`"
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See [rule](../routers/index.md#service) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.service=myservice
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls`"
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See [tls](../routers/index.md#tls) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.certresolver`"
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See [certResolver](../routers/index.md#certresolver) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.certresolver=myresolver
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].main`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.domains[0].main=example.org
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].sans`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.domains[0].sans=test.example.org,dev.example.org
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.options`"
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See [options](../routers/index.md#options) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.options=foobar
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.priority`"
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See [priority](../routers/index.md#priority) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.routers.myrouter.priority=42
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```
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### Services
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To update the configuration of the Service automatically attached to the service,
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add tags starting with `traefik.http.services.{name-of-your-choice}.`, followed by the option you want to change.
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For example, to change the `passHostHeader` behavior,
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you'd add the tag `traefik.http.services.{name-of-your-choice}.loadbalancer.passhostheader=false`.
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.port`"
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Registers a port.
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Useful when the service exposes multiples ports.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.server.port=8080
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.scheme`"
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Overrides the default scheme.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.server.scheme=http
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.serverstransport`"
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Allows to reference a ServersTransport resource that is defined either with the File provider or the Kubernetes CRD one.
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See [serverstransport](../services/index.md#serverstransport) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.serverstransport=foobar@file
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.passhostheader`"
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See [pass Host header](../services/index.md#pass-host-header) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.passhostheader=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.headers.<header_name>`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.headers.X-Foo=foobar
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.hostname`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.hostname=example.org
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.interval`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.interval=10
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.path`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.path=/foo
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.status`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.status=42
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.port`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.port=42
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.scheme`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.scheme=http
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.timeout`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.timeout=10
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.followredirects`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.followredirects=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.httponly`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.httponly=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.name`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.name=foobar
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.secure`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.secure=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.samesite`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.samesite=none
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.maxage`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.maxage=42
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.responseforwarding.flushinterval`"
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See [response forwarding](../services/index.md#response-forwarding) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.responseforwarding.flushinterval=10
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```
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### Middleware
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You can declare pieces of middleware using tags starting with `traefik.http.middlewares.{name-of-your-choice}.`, followed by the middleware type/options.
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For example, to declare a middleware [`redirectscheme`](../../middlewares/http/redirectscheme.md) named `my-redirect`, you'd write `traefik.http.middlewares.my-redirect.redirectscheme.scheme: https`.
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More information about available middlewares in the dedicated [middlewares section](../../middlewares/overview.md).
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??? example "Declaring and Referencing a Middleware"
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```yaml
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# ...
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# Declaring a middleware
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traefik.http.middlewares.my-redirect.redirectscheme.scheme=https
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# Referencing a middleware
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traefik.http.routers.my-service.middlewares=my-redirect
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```
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!!! warning "Conflicts in Declaration"
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If you declare multiple middleware with the same name but with different parameters, the middleware fails to be declared.
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### TCP
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You can declare TCP Routers and/or Services using tags.
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??? example "Declaring TCP Routers and Services"
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.my-router.rule=HostSNI(`example.com`)
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traefik.tcp.routers.my-router.tls=true
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traefik.tcp.services.my-service.loadbalancer.server.port=4123
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```
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!!! warning "TCP and HTTP"
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If you declare a TCP Router/Service, it will prevent Traefik from automatically creating an HTTP Router/Service (like it does by default if no TCP Router/Service is defined).
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You can declare both a TCP Router/Service and an HTTP Router/Service for the same Nomad service (but you have to do so manually).
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#### TCP Routers
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.entrypoints`"
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See [entry points](../routers/index.md#entrypoints_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.entrypoints=ep1,ep2
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.rule`"
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See [rule](../routers/index.md#rule_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.rule=HostSNI(`example.com`)
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.service`"
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See [service](../routers/index.md#services) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.service=myservice
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls`"
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See [TLS](../routers/index.md#tls_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.certresolver`"
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See [certResolver](../routers/index.md#certresolver_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.certresolver=myresolver
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].main`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.domains[0].main=example.org
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].sans`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.domains[0].sans=test.example.org,dev.example.org
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.options`"
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See [options](../routers/index.md#options_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.options=myoptions
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.passthrough`"
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See [TLS](../routers/index.md#tls_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.passthrough=true
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```
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#### TCP Services
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.port`"
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Registers a port of the application.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.services.mytcpservice.loadbalancer.server.port=423
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.tls`"
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Determines whether to use TLS when dialing with the backend.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.services.mytcpservice.loadbalancer.server.tls=true
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.proxyprotocol.version`"
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See [PROXY protocol](../services/index.md#proxy-protocol) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.services.mytcpservice.loadbalancer.proxyprotocol.version=1
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.serverstransport`"
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Allows to reference a ServersTransport resource that is defined either with the File provider or the Kubernetes CRD one.
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See [serverstransport](../services/index.md#serverstransport_2) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.tcp.services.myservice.loadbalancer.serverstransport=foobar@file
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```
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### UDP
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You can declare UDP Routers and/or Services using tags.
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??? example "Declaring UDP Routers and Services"
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```yaml
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traefik.udp.routers.my-router.entrypoints=udp
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traefik.udp.services.my-service.loadbalancer.server.port=4123
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```
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!!! warning "UDP and HTTP"
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If you declare a UDP Router/Service, it will prevent Traefik from automatically creating an HTTP Router/Service (like it does by default if no UDP Router/Service is defined).
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You can declare both a UDP Router/Service and an HTTP Router/Service for the same Nomad service (but you have to do so manually).
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#### UDP Routers
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??? info "`traefik.udp.routers.<router_name>.entrypoints`"
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See [entry points](../routers/index.md#entrypoints_2) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.udp.routers.myudprouter.entrypoints=ep1,ep2
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```
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??? info "`traefik.udp.routers.<router_name>.service`"
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See [service](../routers/index.md#services_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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traefik.udp.routers.myudprouter.service=myservice
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```
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#### UDP Services
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??? info "`traefik.udp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.port`"
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Registers a port of the application.
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```yaml
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traefik.udp.services.myudpservice.loadbalancer.server.port=423
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```
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### Specific Provider Options
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#### `traefik.enable`
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```yaml
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traefik.enable=true
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```
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You can tell Traefik to consider (or not) the service by setting `traefik.enable` to true or false.
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This option overrides the value of `exposedByDefault`.
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#### `traefik.nomad.canary`
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```yaml
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traefik.nomad.canary=true
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```
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When Nomad orchestrator is a provider (of service registration) for Traefik,
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one might have the need to distinguish within Traefik between a [Canary](https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/nomad/job-blue-green-and-canary-deployments#deploy-with-canaries) instance of a service, or a production one.
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For example if one does not want them to be part of the same load-balancer.
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Therefore, this option, which is meant to be provided as one of the values of the `canary_tags` field in the Nomad [service stanza](https://www.nomadproject.io/docs/job-specification/service#canary_tags),
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allows Traefik to identify that the associated instance is a canary one.
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#### Port Lookup
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Traefik is capable of detecting the port to use, by following the default Nomad Service Discovery flow.
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That means, if you just expose lets say port `:1337` on the Nomad job, traefik will pick up this port and use it.
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