349 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
349 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
# Traefik & Kubernetes
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The Kubernetes Gateway API, The Experimental Way.
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{: .subtitle }
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## Configuration Examples
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??? example "Configuring Kubernetes Gateway provider and Deploying/Exposing Services"
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```yaml tab="Gateway API"
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--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway-simple-https.yml"
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```
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```yaml tab="Whoami Service"
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--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-whoami-svc.yml"
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```
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```yaml tab="Traefik Service"
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--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway-traefik-lb-svc.yml"
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```
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```yaml tab="RBAC"
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--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway-rbac.yml"
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```
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## Routing Configuration
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### Custom Resource Definition (CRD)
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* You can find an exhaustive list, of the custom resources and their attributes in
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[the reference page](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway.md) or in the Kubernetes Sigs `Gateway API` [repository](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/gateway-api).
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* Validate that [the prerequisites](../../providers/kubernetes-gateway.md#configuration-requirements) are fulfilled before using the Traefik Kubernetes Gateway Provider.
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You can find an excerpt of the supported Kubernetes Gateway API resources in the table below:
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| Kind | Purpose | Concept Behind |
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|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| [GatewayClass](#kind-gatewayclass) | Defines a set of Gateways that share a common configuration and behaviour | [GatewayClass](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/v1alpha1/api-types/gatewayclass) |
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| [Gateway](#kind-gateway) | Describes how traffic can be translated to Services within the cluster | [Gateway](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/v1alpha1/api-types/gateway) |
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| [HTTPRoute](#kind-httproute) | HTTP rules for mapping requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services | [Route](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/v1alpha1/api-types/httproute) |
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| [TCPRoute](#kind-tcproute) | Allows mapping TCP requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services | [Route](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/concepts/api-overview/#tcproute-and-udproute)|
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| [TLSRoute](#kind-tlsroute) | Allows mapping TLS requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services | [Route](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/concepts/api-overview/#tcproute-and-udproute)|
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### Kind: `GatewayClass`
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`GatewayClass` is cluster-scoped resource defined by the infrastructure provider. This resource represents a class of Gateways that can be instantiated.
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More details on the GatewayClass [official documentation](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/v1alpha1/api-types/gatewayclass/).
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The `GatewayClass` should be declared by the infrastructure provider, otherwise please register the `GatewayClass`
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[definition](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway.md#definitions) in the Kubernetes cluster before
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creating `GatewayClass` objects.
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!!! info "Declaring GatewayClass"
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```yaml
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kind: GatewayClass
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: my-gateway-class
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spec:
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# Controller is a domain/path string that indicates
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# the controller that is managing Gateways of this class.
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controller: traefik.io/gateway-controller
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```
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### Kind: `Gateway`
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A `Gateway` is 1:1 with the life cycle of the configuration of infrastructure. When a user creates a Gateway,
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some load balancing infrastructure is provisioned or configured by the GatewayClass controller.
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More details on the Gateway [official documentation](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/v1alpha1/api-types/gateway/).
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Register the `Gateway` [definition](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway.md#definitions) in the
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Kubernetes cluster before creating `Gateway` objects.
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Depending on the Listener Protocol, different modes and Route types are supported.
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| Listener Protocol | TLS Mode | Route Type Supported |
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|-------------------|----------------|------------------------------|
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| TCP | Not applicable | [TCPRoute](#kind-tcproute) |
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| TLS | Passthrough | [TLSRoute](#kind-tlsroute) |
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| TLS | Terminate | [TCPRoute](#kind-tcproute) |
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| HTTP | Not applicable | [HTTPRoute](#kind-httproute) |
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| HTTPS | Terminate | [HTTPRoute](#kind-httproute) |
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!!! info "Declaring Gateway"
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```yaml tab="HTTP Listener"
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kind: Gateway
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: my-http-gateway
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namespace: default
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spec:
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gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class # [1]
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listeners: # [2]
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- protocol: HTTP # [3]
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port: 80 # [4]
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routes: # [8]
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kind: HTTPRoute # [9]
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namespaces:
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from: Selector # [10]
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selector: # [11]
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matchLabels:
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app: foo
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selector: # [12]
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matchLabels:
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app: foo
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```
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```yaml tab="HTTPS Listener"
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kind: Gateway
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: my-https-gateway
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namespace: default
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spec:
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gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class # [1]
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listeners: # [2]
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- protocol: HTTPS # [3]
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port: 443 # [4]
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tls: # [6]
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certificateRef: # [7]
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group: "core"
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kind: "Secret"
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name: "mysecret"
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routes: # [8]
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kind: HTTPRoute # [9]
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namespaces:
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from: Selector # [10]
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selector: # [11]
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matchLabels:
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app: foo
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selector: # [12]
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matchLabels:
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app: foo
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```
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```yaml tab="TCP Listener"
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kind: Gateway
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: my-tcp-gateway
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namespace: default
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spec:
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gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class # [1]
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listeners: # [2]
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- protocol: TCP # [3]
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port: 8000 # [4]
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routes: # [8]
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kind: TCPRoute # [9]
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namespaces:
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from: Selector # [10]
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selector: # [11]
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matchLabels:
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app: footcp
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selector: # [12]
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matchLabels:
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app: footcp
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```
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```yaml tab="TLS Listener"
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kind: Gateway
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: my-tls-gateway
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namespace: default
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spec:
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gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class # [1]
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listeners: # [2]
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- protocol: TLS # [3]
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port: 443 # [4]
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hostname: foo.com # [5]
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tls: # [6]
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certificateRef: # [7]
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group: "core"
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kind: "Secret"
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name: "mysecret"
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routes: # [8]
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kind: TLSRoute # [9]
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namespaces:
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from: Selector # [10]
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selector: # [11]
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matchLabels:
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app: footcp
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selector: # [12]
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matchLabels:
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app: footcp
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```
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| Ref | Attribute | Description |
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|------|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| [1] | `gatewayClassName` | GatewayClassName used for this Gateway. This is the name of a GatewayClass resource. |
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| [2] | `listeners` | Logical endpoints that are bound on this Gateway's addresses. At least one Listener MUST be specified. |
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| [3] | `protocol` | The network protocol this listener expects to receive (only HTTP and HTTPS are implemented). |
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| [4] | `port` | The network port. |
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| [5] | `hostname` | Hostname specifies the virtual hostname to match for protocol types that define this concept. When unspecified, “”, or *, all hostnames are matched. |
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| [6] | `tls` | TLS configuration for the Listener. This field is required if the Protocol field is "HTTPS" or "TLS" and ignored otherwise. |
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| [7] | `certificateRef` | The reference to Kubernetes object that contains a TLS certificate and private key. |
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| [8] | `routes` | A schema for associating routes with the Listener using selectors. |
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| [9] | `kind` | The kind of the referent. |
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| [10] | `from` | From indicates in which namespaces the Routes will be selected for this Gateway. Possible values are `All`, `Same` and `Selector` (Defaults to `Same`). |
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| [11] | `selector` | Selector must be specified when From is set to `Selector`. In that case, only Routes in Namespaces matching this Selector will be selected by this Gateway. |
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| [12] | `selector` | Selector specifies a set of route labels used for selecting routes to associate with the Gateway. An empty Selector matches all routes. |
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### Kind: `HTTPRoute`
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`HTTPRoute` defines HTTP rules for mapping requests from a `Gateway` to Kubernetes Services.
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Register the `HTTPRoute` [definition](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway.md#definitions) in the
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Kubernetes cluster before creating `HTTPRoute` objects.
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!!! info "Declaring HTTPRoute"
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```yaml
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kind: HTTPRoute
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: http-app-1
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namespace: default
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labels: # [1]
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app: foo
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spec:
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hostnames: # [2]
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- "whoami"
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rules: # [3]
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- matches: # [4]
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- path: # [5]
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type: Exact # [6]
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value: /bar # [7]
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- headers: # [8]
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type: Exact # [9]
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values: # [10]
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foo: bar
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forwardTo: # [11]
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- serviceName: whoami # [12]
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weight: 1 # [13]
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port: 80 # [14]
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- backendRef: # [15]
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group: traefik.containo.us # [16]
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kind: TraefikService # [17]
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name: api@internal # [18]
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port: 80
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weight: 1
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```
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| Ref | Attribute | Description |
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|------|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| [1] | `labels` | Labels to match with the `Gateway` labelselector. |
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| [2] | `hostnames` | A set of hostname that should match against the HTTP Host header to select a HTTPRoute to process the request. |
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| [3] | `rules` | A list of HTTP matchers, filters and actions. |
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| [4] | `matches` | Conditions used for matching the rule against incoming HTTP requests. Each match is independent, i.e. this rule will be matched if **any** one of the matches is satisfied. |
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| [5] | `path` | An HTTP request path matcher. If this field is not specified, a default prefix match on the "/" path is provided. |
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| [6] | `type` | Type of match against the path Value (supported types: `Exact`, `Prefix`). |
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| [7] | `value` | The value of the HTTP path to match against. |
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| [8] | `headers` | Conditions to select a HTTP route by matching HTTP request headers. |
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| [9] | `type` | Type of match for the HTTP request header match against the `values` (supported types: `Exact`). |
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| [10] | `values` | A map of HTTP Headers to be matched. It MUST contain at least one entry. |
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| [11] | `forwardTo` | The upstream target(s) where the request should be sent. |
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| [12] | `serviceName` | The name of the referent service. |
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| [13] | `weight` | The proportion of traffic forwarded to a targetRef, computed as weight/(sum of all weights in targetRefs). |
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| [14] | `port` | The port of the referent service. |
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| [15] | `backendRef` | The BackendRef is a reference to a backend (API object within a known namespace) to forward matched requests to. If both BackendRef and ServiceName are specified, ServiceName will be given precedence. Only `TraefikService` is supported. |
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| [16] | `group` | Group is the group of the referent. Only `traefik.containo.us` value is supported. |
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| [17] | `kind` | Kind is kind of the referent. Only `TraefikService` value is supported. |
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| [18] | `name` | Name is the name of the referent. |
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### Kind: `TCPRoute`
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`TCPRoute` allows mapping TCP requests from a `Gateway` to Kubernetes Services
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Register the `TCPRoute` [definition](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway.md#definitions) in the
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Kubernetes cluster before creating `TCPRoute` objects.
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!!! info "Declaring TCPRoute"
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```yaml
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kind: TCPRoute
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: tcp-app-1
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namespace: default
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labels: # [1]
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app: tcp-app-1
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spec:
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rules: # [2]
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- forwardTo: # [3]
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- serviceName: whoamitcp # [4]
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weight: 1 # [5]
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port: 8080 # [6]
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- backendRef: # [7]
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group: traefik.containo.us # [8]
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kind: TraefikService # [9]
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name: api@internal # [10]
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```
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| Ref | Attribute | Description |
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|------|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| [1] | `labels` | Labels to match with the `Gateway` labelselector. |
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| [2] | `rules` | Rules are a list of TCP matchers and actions. |
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| [3] | `forwardTo` | The upstream target(s) where the request should be sent. |
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| [4] | `serviceName` | The name of the referent service. |
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| [5] | `weight` | The proportion of traffic forwarded to a targetRef, computed as weight/(sum of all weights in targetRefs). |
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| [6] | `port` | The port of the referent service. |
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| [7] | `backendRef` | The BackendRef is a reference to a backend (API object within a known namespace) to forward matched requests to. If both BackendRef and ServiceName are specified, ServiceName will be given precedence. Only `TraefikService` is supported. |
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| [8] | `group` | Group is the group of the referent. Only `traefik.containo.us` value is supported. |
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| [9] | `kind` | Kind is kind of the referent. Only `TraefikService` value is supported. |
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| [10] | `name` | Name is the name of the referent. |
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### Kind: `TLSRoute`
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`TLSRoute` allows mapping TLS requests from a `Gateway` to Kubernetes Services
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Register the `TLSRoute` [definition](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway.md#definitions) in the
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Kubernetes cluster before creating `TLSRoute` objects.
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!!! info "Declaring TCPRoute"
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```yaml
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kind: TLSRoute
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apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
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metadata:
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name: tls-app-1
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namespace: default
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labels: # [1]
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app: tls-app-1
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spec:
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rules: # [2]
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- forwardTo: # [3]
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- serviceName: whoamitcp # [4]
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weight: 1 # [5]
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port: 8080 # [6]
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- backendRef: # [7]
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group: traefik.containo.us # [8]
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kind: TraefikService # [9]
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name: api@internal # [10]
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```
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| Ref | Attribute | Description |
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|------|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| [1] | `labels` | Labels to match with the `Gateway` labelselector. |
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| [2] | `rules` | Rules are a list of TCP matchers and actions. |
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| [3] | `forwardTo` | The upstream target(s) where the request should be sent. |
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| [4] | `serviceName` | The name of the referent service. |
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| [5] | `weight` | The proportion of traffic forwarded to a targetRef, computed as weight/(sum of all weights in targetRefs). |
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| [6] | `port` | The port of the referent service. |
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| [7] | `backendRef` | The BackendRef is a reference to a backend (API object within a known namespace) to forward matched requests to. If both BackendRef and ServiceName are specified, ServiceName will be given precedence. Only `TraefikService` is supported. |
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| [8] | `group` | Group is the group of the referent. Only `traefik.containo.us` value is supported. |
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| [9] | `kind` | Kind is kind of the referent. Only `TraefikService` value is supported. |
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| [10] | `name` | Name is the name of the referent. |
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