12 KiB
Traefik & Kubernetes
The Kubernetes Ingress Controller. {: .subtitle }
Routing Configuration
The provider then watches for incoming ingresses events, such as the example below, and derives the corresponding dynamic configuration from it, which in turn will create the resulting routers, services, handlers, etc.
Configuration Example
??? example "Configuring Kubernetes Ingress Controller"
```yaml tab="RBAC"
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
- endpoints
- secrets
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- extensions
- networking.k8s.io
resources:
- ingresses
- ingressclasses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: traefik-ingress-controller
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: traefik-ingress-controller
namespace: default
```
```yaml tab="Ingress"
kind: Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: myingress
annotations:
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.entrypoints: web
spec:
rules:
- host: example.com
http:
paths:
- path: /bar
backend:
serviceName: whoami
servicePort: 80
- path: /foo
backend:
serviceName: whoami
servicePort: 80
```
```yaml tab="Traefik"
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: traefik
labels:
app: traefik
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: traefik
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: traefik
spec:
serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
containers:
- name: traefik
image: traefik:v2.3
args:
- --log.level=DEBUG
- --api
- --api.insecure
- --entrypoints.web.address=:80
- --providers.kubernetesingress
ports:
- name: web
containerPort: 80
- name: admin
containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: traefik
spec:
type: LoadBalancer
selector:
app: traefik
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
name: web
targetPort: 80
- protocol: TCP
port: 8080
name: admin
targetPort: 8080
```
```yaml tab="Whoami"
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: whoami
labels:
app: traefiklabs
name: whoami
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: traefiklabs
task: whoami
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: traefiklabs
task: whoami
spec:
containers:
- name: whoami
image: traefik/whoami
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: whoami
spec:
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
selector:
app: traefiklabs
task: whoami
```
Annotations
On Ingress
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.entrypoints
"
See [entry points](../routers/index.md#entrypoints) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.entrypoints: ep1,ep2
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.middlewares
"
See [middlewares](../routers/index.md#middlewares) and [middlewares overview](../../middlewares/overview.md) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.middlewares: auth@file,prefix@kubernetescrd,cb@file
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.priority
"
See [priority](../routers/index.md#priority) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.priority: "42"
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.pathmatcher
"
Overrides the default router rule type used for a path.
Only path-related matcher name can be specified: `Path`, `PathPrefix`.
Default `PathPrefix`
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.pathmatcher: Path
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls
"
See [tls](../routers/index.md#tls) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls: "true"
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.certresolver
"
See [certResolver](../routers/index.md#certresolver) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.certresolver: myresolver
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.domains.n.main
"
See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.domains.0.main: example.org
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.domains.n.sans
"
See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.domains.0.sans: test.example.org,dev.example.org
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.options
"
See [options](../routers/index.md#options) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.tls.options: foobar
```
On Service
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.serversscheme
"
Overrides the default scheme.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.serversscheme: h2c
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.passhostheader
"
See [pass Host header](../services/index.md#pass-host-header) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.passhostheader: "true"
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie
"
See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie: "true"
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.name
"
See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.name: foobar
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.secure
"
See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.secure: "true"
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.samesite
"
See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.samesite: "none"
```
??? info "traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.httponly
"
See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
```yaml
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.sticky.cookie.httponly: "true"
```
Path Types on Kubernetes 1.18+
If the Kubernetes cluster version is 1.18+,
the new pathType
property can be leveraged to define the rules matchers:
Exact
: This path type forces the rule matcher toPath
Prefix
: This path type forces the rule matcher toPathPrefix
Please see this documentation for more information.
!!! warning "Multiple Matches" In the case of multiple matches, Traefik will not ensure the priority of a Path matcher over a PathPrefix matcher, as stated in this documentation.
TLS
Communication Between Traefik and Pods
Traefik automatically requests endpoint information based on the service provided in the ingress spec. Although Traefik will connect directly to the endpoints (pods), it still checks the service port to see if TLS communication is required.
There are 3 ways to configure Traefik to use https to communicate with pods:
- If the service port defined in the ingress spec is
443
(note that you can still usetargetPort
to use a different port on your pod). - If the service port defined in the ingress spec has a name that starts with https (such as
https-api
,https-web
or justhttps
). - If the ingress spec includes the annotation
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/service.serversscheme: https
.
If either of those configuration options exist, then the backend communication protocol is assumed to be TLS, and will connect via TLS automatically.
!!! info
Please note that by enabling TLS communication between traefik and your pods,
you will have to have trusted certificates that have the proper trust chain and IP subject name.
If this is not an option, you may need to skip TLS certificate verification.
See the [insecureSkipVerify](../../routing/overview.md#insecureskipverify) setting for more details.
Certificates Management
??? example "Using a secret"
```yaml tab="Ingress"
kind: Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: foo
namespace: production
spec:
rules:
- host: example.net
http:
paths:
- path: /bar
backend:
serviceName: service1
servicePort: 80
tls:
- secretName: supersecret
```
```yaml tab="Secret"
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
name: supersecret
data:
tls.crt: LS0tLS1CRUdJTiBDRVJUSUZJQ0FURS0tLS0tCi0tLS0tRU5EIENFUlRJRklDQVRFLS0tLS0=
tls.key: LS0tLS1CRUdJTiBQUklWQVRFIEtFWS0tLS0tCi0tLS0tRU5EIFBSSVZBVEUgS0VZLS0tLS0=
```
TLS certificates can be managed in Secrets objects.
!!! info
Only TLS certificates provided by users can be stored in Kubernetes Secrets.
[Let's Encrypt](../../https/acme.md) certificates cannot be managed in Kubernetes Secrets yet.
Global Default Backend Ingresses
Ingresses can be created that look like the following:
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: cheese
spec:
backend:
serviceName: stilton
servicePort: 80
This ingress follows the Global Default Backend property of ingresses. This will allow users to create a "default router" that will match all unmatched requests.
!!! info
Due to Traefik's use of priorities, you may have to set this ingress priority lower than other ingresses in your environment,
to avoid this global ingress from satisfying requests that could match other ingresses.
To do this, use the `traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.priority` annotation (as seen in [Annotations on Ingress](#on-ingress)) on your ingresses accordingly.