traefik/docs/index.md
2017-09-07 12:02:03 +02:00

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<p align="center">
<img src="img/traefik.logo.png" alt="Træfik" title="Træfik" />
</p>
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Træfik (pronounced like [traffic](https://speak-ipa.bearbin.net/speak.cgi?speak=%CB%88tr%C3%A6f%C9%AAk)) is a modern HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer made to deploy microservices with ease.
It supports several backends ([Docker](https://www.docker.com/), [Swarm mode](https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/), [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io), [Marathon](https://mesosphere.github.io/marathon/), [Consul](https://www.consul.io/), [Etcd](https://coreos.com/etcd/), [Rancher](https://rancher.com), [Amazon ECS](https://aws.amazon.com/ecs), and a lot more) to manage its configuration automatically and dynamically.
## Overview
Imagine that you have deployed a bunch of microservices on your infrastructure. You probably used a service registry (like etcd or consul) and/or an orchestrator (swarm, Mesos/Marathon) to manage all these services.
If you want your users to access some of your microservices from the Internet, you will have to use a reverse proxy and configure it using virtual hosts or prefix paths:
- domain `api.domain.com` will point the microservice `api` in your private network
- path `domain.com/web` will point the microservice `web` in your private network
- domain `backoffice.domain.com` will point the microservices `backoffice` in your private network, load-balancing between your multiple instances
But a microservices architecture is dynamic... Services are added, removed, killed or upgraded often, eventually several times a day.
Traditional reverse-proxies are not natively dynamic. You can't change their configuration and hot-reload easily.
Here enters Træfik.
![Architecture](img/architecture.png)
Træfik can listen to your service registry/orchestrator API, and knows each time a microservice is added, removed, killed or upgraded, and can generate its configuration automatically.
Routes to your services will be created instantly.
Run it and forget it!
## Features
- [It's fast](https://docs.traefik.io/benchmarks)
- No dependency hell, single binary made with go
- [Tiny](https://microbadger.com/images/traefik) [official](https://hub.docker.com/r/_/traefik/) official docker image
- Rest API
- Hot-reloading of configuration. No need to restart the process
- Circuit breakers, retry
- Round Robin, rebalancer load-balancers
- Metrics (Rest, Prometheus, Datadog, Statd)
- Clean AngularJS Web UI
- Websocket, HTTP/2, GRPC ready
- Access Logs (JSON, CLF)
- [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org) support (Automatic HTTPS with renewal)
- High Availability with cluster mode
## Supported backends
- [Docker](https://www.docker.com/) / [Swarm mode](https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/)
- [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io)
- [Mesos](https://github.com/apache/mesos) / [Marathon](https://mesosphere.github.io/marathon/)
- [Rancher](https://rancher.com) (API, Metadata)
- [Consul](https://www.consul.io/) / [Etcd](https://coreos.com/etcd/) / [Zookeeper](https://zookeeper.apache.org) / [BoltDB](https://github.com/boltdb/bolt)
- [Eureka](https://github.com/Netflix/eureka)
- [Amazon ECS](https://aws.amazon.com/ecs)
- [Amazon DynamoDB](https://aws.amazon.com/dynamodb)
- File
- Rest API
## Quickstart
You can have a quick look at Træfik in this [Katacoda tutorial](https://www.katacoda.com/courses/traefik/deploy-load-balancer) that shows how to load balance requests between multiple Docker containers.
Here is a talk given by [Emile Vauge](https://github.com/emilevauge) at [GopherCon 2017](https://gophercon.com).
You will learn Træfik basics in less than 10 minutes.
[![Traefik GopherCon 2017](https://img.youtube.com/vi/RgudiksfL-k/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgudiksfL-k)
Here is a talk given by [Ed Robinson](https://github.com/errm) at [ContainerCamp UK](https://container.camp) conference.
You will learn fundamental Træfik features and see some demos with Kubernetes.
[![Traefik ContainerCamp UK](https://img.youtube.com/vi/aFtpIShV60I/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aFtpIShV60I)
## Get it
### Binary
You can grab the latest binary from the [releases](https://github.com/containous/traefik/releases) page and just run it with the [sample configuration file](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containous/traefik/master/traefik.sample.toml):
```shell
./traefik -c traefik.toml
```
### Docker
Using the tiny Docker image:
```shell
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 -p 80:80 -v $PWD/traefik.toml:/etc/traefik/traefik.toml traefik
```
## Test it
You can test Træfik easily using [Docker compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose), with this `docker-compose.yml` file in a folder named `traefik`:
```yaml
version: '2'
services:
proxy:
image: traefik
command: --web --docker --docker.domain=docker.localhost --logLevel=DEBUG
networks:
- webgateway
ports:
- "80:80"
- "8080:8080"
volumes:
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
- /dev/null:/traefik.toml
networks:
webgateway:
driver: bridge
```
Start it from within the `traefik` folder:
```shell
docker-compose up -d
```
In a browser you may open [http://localhost:8080](http://localhost:8080) to access Træfik's dashboard and observe the following magic.
Now, create a folder named `test` and create a `docker-compose.yml` in it with this content:
```yaml
version: '2'
services:
whoami:
image: emilevauge/whoami
networks:
- web
labels:
- "traefik.backend=whoami"
- "traefik.frontend.rule=Host:whoami.docker.localhost"
networks:
web:
external:
name: traefik_webgateway
```
Then, start and scale it in the `test` folder:
```shell
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose scale whoami=2
```
Finally, test load-balancing between the two services `test_whoami_1` and `test_whoami_2`:
```shell
curl -H Host:whoami.docker.localhost http://127.0.0.1
```
```yaml
Hostname: ef194d07634a
IP: 127.0.0.1
IP: ::1
IP: 172.17.0.4
IP: fe80::42:acff:fe11:4
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 172.17.0.4:80
User-Agent: curl/7.35.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip
X-Forwarded-For: 172.17.0.1
X-Forwarded-Host: 172.17.0.4:80
X-Forwarded-Proto: http
X-Forwarded-Server: dbb60406010d
```
```shell
curl -H Host:whoami.docker.localhost http://127.0.0.1
```
```yaml
Hostname: 6c3c5df0c79a
IP: 127.0.0.1
IP: ::1
IP: 172.17.0.3
IP: fe80::42:acff:fe11:3
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 172.17.0.3:80
User-Agent: curl/7.35.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip
X-Forwarded-For: 172.17.0.1
X-Forwarded-Host: 172.17.0.3:80
X-Forwarded-Proto: http
X-Forwarded-Server: dbb60406010d
```