406 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
406 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Traefik BasicAuth Documentation"
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description: "The HTTP basic authentication (BasicAuth) middleware in Traefik Proxy restricts access to your Services to known users. Read the technical documentation."
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---
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# BasicAuth
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Adding Basic Authentication
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{: .subtitle }
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The BasicAuth middleware restricts access to your services to known users.
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## Configuration Examples
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```yaml tab="Docker"
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# Declaring the user list
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#
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# Note: when used in docker-compose.yml all dollar signs in the hash need to be doubled for escaping.
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# To create user:password pair, it's possible to use this command:
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# echo $(htpasswd -nB user) | sed -e s/\\$/\\$\\$/g
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#
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# Also note that dollar signs should NOT be doubled when they not evaluated (e.g. Ansible docker_container module).
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users=test:$$apr1$$H6uskkkW$$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$$apr1$$d9hr9HBB$$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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# Declaring the user list
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-auth
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spec:
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basicAuth:
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secret: secretName
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```
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```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users=test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```json tab="Marathon"
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"labels": {
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"traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users": "test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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}
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```
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```yaml tab="Rancher"
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# Declaring the user list
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users=test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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# Declaring the user list
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-auth:
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basicAuth:
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users:
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- "test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/"
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- "test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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# Declaring the user list
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-auth.basicAuth]
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users = [
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"test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/",
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"test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0",
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]
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```
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## Configuration Options
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### General
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Passwords must be hashed using MD5, SHA1, or BCrypt.
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!!! tip
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Use `htpasswd` to generate the passwords.
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### `users`
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The `users` option is an array of authorized users. Each user must be declared using the `name:hashed-password` format.
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!!! note ""
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- If both `users` and `usersFile` are provided, the two are merged. The contents of `usersFile` have precedence over the values in `users`.
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- For security reasons, the field `users` doesn't exist for Kubernetes IngressRoute, and one should use the `secret` field instead.
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!!! note "Kubernetes kubernetes.io/basic-auth secret type"
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Kubernetes supports a special `kubernetes.io/basic-auth` secret type.
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This secret must contain two keys: `username` and `password`.
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Please note that these keys are not hashed or encrypted in any way, and therefore is less secure than other methods.
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You can find more information on the [Kubernetes Basic Authentication Secret Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/#basic-authentication-secret)
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```yaml tab="Docker"
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# Declaring the user list
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#
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# Note: when used in docker-compose.yml all dollar signs in the hash need to be doubled for escaping.
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# To create a user:password pair, the following command can be used:
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# echo $(htpasswd -nb user password) | sed -e s/\\$/\\$\\$/g
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#
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# Also note that dollar signs should NOT be doubled when they not evaluated (e.g. Ansible docker_container module).
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users=test:$$apr1$$H6uskkkW$$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$$apr1$$d9hr9HBB$$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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# Declaring the user list
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-auth
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spec:
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basicAuth:
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secret: authsecret
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---
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# Note: in a kubernetes secret the string (e.g. generated by htpasswd) must be base64-encoded first.
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# To create an encoded user:password pair, the following command can be used:
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# htpasswd -nb user password | openssl base64
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Secret
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metadata:
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name: authsecret
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namespace: default
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data:
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users: |2
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dGVzdDokYXByMSRINnVza2trVyRJZ1hMUDZld1RyU3VCa1RycUU4d2ovCnRlc3QyOiRhcHIxJGQ5
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aHI5SEJCJDRIeHdnVWlyM0hQNEVzZ2dQL1FObzAK
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---
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# This is an alternate auth secret that demonstrates the basic-auth secret type.
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# Note: the password is not hashed, and is merely base64 encoded.
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Secret
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metadata:
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name: authsecret2
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namespace: default
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type: kubernetes.io/basic-auth
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data:
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username: dXNlcg== # username: user
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password: cGFzc3dvcmQ= # password: password
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```
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```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
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# Declaring the user list
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users=test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```json tab="Marathon"
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"labels": {
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"traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users": "test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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}
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```
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```yaml tab="Rancher"
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# Declaring the user list
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.users=test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/,test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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# Declaring the user list
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-auth:
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basicAuth:
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users:
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- "test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/"
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- "test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0"
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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# Declaring the user list
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-auth.basicAuth]
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users = [
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"test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/",
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"test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0",
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]
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```
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### `usersFile`
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The `usersFile` option is the path to an external file that contains the authorized users for the middleware.
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The file content is a list of `name:hashed-password`.
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!!! note ""
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- If both `users` and `usersFile` are provided, the two are merged. The contents of `usersFile` have precedence over the values in `users`.
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- Because it does not make much sense to refer to a file path on Kubernetes, the `usersFile` field doesn't exist for Kubernetes IngressRoute, and one should use the `secret` field instead.
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```yaml tab="Docker"
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.usersfile=/path/to/my/usersfile"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-auth
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spec:
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basicAuth:
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secret: authsecret
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Secret
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metadata:
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name: authsecret
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namespace: default
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data:
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users: |2
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dGVzdDokYXByMSRINnVza2trVyRJZ1hMUDZld1RyU3VCa1RycUU4d2ovCnRlc3QyOiRhcHIxJGQ5
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aHI5SEJCJDRIeHdnVWlyM0hQNEVzZ2dQL1FObzAK
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```
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```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.usersfile=/path/to/my/usersfile"
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```
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```json tab="Marathon"
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"labels": {
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"traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.usersfile": "/path/to/my/usersfile"
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}
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```
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```yaml tab="Rancher"
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.usersfile=/path/to/my/usersfile"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-auth:
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basicAuth:
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usersFile: "/path/to/my/usersfile"
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-auth.basicAuth]
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usersFile = "/path/to/my/usersfile"
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```
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??? example "A file containing test/test and test2/test2"
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```txt
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test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/
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test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0
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```
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### `realm`
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You can customize the realm for the authentication with the `realm` option. The default value is `traefik`.
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```yaml tab="Docker"
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.realm=MyRealm"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-auth
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spec:
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basicAuth:
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realm: MyRealm
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```
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```json tab="Consul Catalog"
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.realm=MyRealm"
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```
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```json tab="Marathon"
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"labels": {
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"traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.realm": "MyRealm"
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}
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```
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```yaml tab="Rancher"
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.realm=MyRealm"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-auth:
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basicAuth:
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realm: "MyRealm"
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-auth.basicAuth]
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realm = "MyRealm"
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```
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### `headerField`
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You can define a header field to store the authenticated user using the `headerField`option.
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```yaml tab="Docker"
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.my-auth.basicauth.headerField=X-WebAuth-User"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: my-auth
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spec:
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basicAuth:
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# ...
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headerField: X-WebAuth-User
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```
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```json tab="Consul Catalog"
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.my-auth.basicauth.headerField=X-WebAuth-User"
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```
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```json tab="Marathon"
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"labels": {
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"traefik.http.middlewares.my-auth.basicauth.headerField": "X-WebAuth-User"
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}
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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http:
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middlewares:
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my-auth:
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basicAuth:
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# ...
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headerField: "X-WebAuth-User"
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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[http.middlewares.my-auth.basicAuth]
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# ...
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headerField = "X-WebAuth-User"
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```
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### `removeHeader`
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Set the `removeHeader` option to `true` to remove the authorization header before forwarding the request to your service. (Default value is `false`.)
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```yaml tab="Docker"
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.removeheader=true"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-auth
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spec:
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basicAuth:
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removeHeader: true
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```
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```json tab="Consul Catalog"
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.removeheader=true"
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```
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```json tab="Marathon"
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"labels": {
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"traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.removeheader": "true"
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}
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```
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```yaml tab="Rancher"
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-auth.basicauth.removeheader=true"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-auth:
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basicAuth:
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removeHeader: true
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-auth.basicAuth]
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removeHeader = true
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```
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