traefik/docs/content/routing/providers/kubernetes-gateway.md
2021-08-19 11:45:19 +02:00

25 KiB

Traefik & Kubernetes

The Kubernetes Gateway API, The Experimental Way. {: .subtitle }

Configuration Examples

??? example "Configuring Kubernetes Gateway provider and Deploying/Exposing Services"

```yaml tab="Gateway API"
--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway-simple-https.yml"
```

```yaml tab="Whoami Service"
--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-whoami-svc.yml"
```

```yaml tab="Traefik Service"
--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway-traefik-lb-svc.yml"
```

```yaml tab="RBAC"
--8<-- "content/reference/dynamic-configuration/kubernetes-gateway-rbac.yml"
```

Routing Configuration

Custom Resource Definition (CRD)

  • You can find an exhaustive list, of the custom resources and their attributes in the reference page or in the Kubernetes Sigs Gateway API repository.
  • Validate that the prerequisites are fulfilled before using the Traefik Kubernetes Gateway Provider.

You can find an excerpt of the supported Kubernetes Gateway API resources in the table below:

Kind Purpose Concept Behind
GatewayClass Defines a set of Gateways that share a common configuration and behaviour GatewayClass
Gateway Describes how traffic can be translated to Services within the cluster Gateway
HTTPRoute HTTP rules for mapping requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services Route
TCPRoute Allows mapping TCP requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services Route
TLSRoute Allows mapping TLS requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services Route

Kind: GatewayClass

GatewayClass is cluster-scoped resource defined by the infrastructure provider. This resource represents a class of Gateways that can be instantiated. More details on the GatewayClass official documentation.

The GatewayClass should be declared by the infrastructure provider, otherwise please register the GatewayClass definition in the Kubernetes cluster before creating GatewayClass objects.

!!! info "Declaring GatewayClass"

```yaml
kind: GatewayClass
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: my-gateway-class
spec:
  # Controller is a domain/path string that indicates
  # the controller that is managing Gateways of this class.
  controller: traefik.io/gateway-controller
```

Kind: Gateway

A Gateway is 1:1 with the life cycle of the configuration of infrastructure. When a user creates a Gateway, some load balancing infrastructure is provisioned or configured by the GatewayClass controller. More details on the Gateway official documentation.

Register the Gateway definition in the Kubernetes cluster before creating Gateway objects.

Depending on the Listener Protocol, different modes and Route types are supported.

Listener Protocol TLS Mode Route Type Supported
TCP Not applicable TCPRoute
TLS Passthrough TLSRoute
TLS Terminate TCPRoute
HTTP Not applicable HTTPRoute
HTTPS Terminate HTTPRoute

!!! info "Declaring Gateway"

```yaml tab="HTTP Listener"
kind: Gateway
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: my-http-gateway
  namespace: default
spec:
  gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class        # [1]
  listeners:                                # [2]
    - protocol: HTTP                        # [3] 
      port: 80                              # [4]
      routes:                               # [8]
        kind: HTTPRoute                     # [9]
        selector:                           # [10]
          matchLabels:                      # [11]
            app: foo
```

```yaml tab="HTTPS Listener"
kind: Gateway
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: my-https-gateway
  namespace: default
spec:
  gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class        # [1]
  listeners:                                # [2]
    - protocol: HTTPS                       # [3] 
      port: 443                             # [4]
      tls:                                  # [6]
        certificateRef:                     # [7]
          group: "core"
          kind: "Secret"
          name: "mysecret"
      routes:                               # [8]
        kind: HTTPRoute                     # [9]
        selector:                           # [10]
          matchLabels:                      # [11]
            app: foo
```

```yaml tab="TCP Listener"
kind: Gateway
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: my-tcp-gateway
  namespace: default
spec:
  gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class        # [1]
  listeners:                                # [2]
    - protocol: TCP                         # [3] 
      port: 8000                            # [4]
      routes:                               # [8]
        kind: TCPRoute                      # [9]
        selector:                           # [10]
          matchLabels:                      # [11]
            app: footcp
```

```yaml tab="TLS Listener"
kind: Gateway
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: my-tls-gateway
  namespace: default
spec:
  gatewayClassName: my-gateway-class        # [1]
  listeners:                                # [2]
    - protocol: TLS                         # [3] 
      port: 443                             # [4]
      hostname: foo.com                     # [5]
      tls:                                  # [6]
        certificateRef:                     # [7]
          group: "core"
          kind: "Secret"
          name: "mysecret"
      routes:                               # [8]
        kind: TLSRoute                      # [9]
        selector:                           # [10]
          matchLabels:                      # [11]
            app: footcp
```
Ref Attribute Description
[1] gatewayClassName GatewayClassName used for this Gateway. This is the name of a GatewayClass resource.
[2] listeners Logical endpoints that are bound on this Gateway's addresses. At least one Listener MUST be specified.
[3] protocol The network protocol this listener expects to receive (only HTTP and HTTPS are implemented).
[4] port The network port.
[5] hostname Hostname specifies the virtual hostname to match for protocol types that define this concept. When unspecified, “”, or *, all hostnames are matched.
[6] tls TLS configuration for the Listener. This field is required if the Protocol field is "HTTPS" or "TLS" and ignored otherwise.
[7] certificateRef The reference to Kubernetes object that contains a TLS certificate and private key.
[8] routes A schema for associating routes with the Listener using selectors.
[9] kind The kind of the referent.
[10] selector Routes in namespaces selected by the selector may be used by this Gateway routes to associate with the Gateway.
[11] matchLabels A set of route labels used for selecting routes to associate with the Gateway.

Kind: HTTPRoute

HTTPRoute defines HTTP rules for mapping requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services.

Register the HTTPRoute definition in the Kubernetes cluster before creating HTTPRoute objects.

!!! info "Declaring HTTPRoute"

```yaml
kind: HTTPRoute
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: http-app-1
  namespace: default
  labels:                                   # [1]
    app: foo
spec:
  hostnames:                                # [2]
    - "whoami"
  rules:                                    # [3]
    - matches:                              # [4]
        - path:                             # [5]
            type: Exact                     # [6]
            value: /bar                     # [7]
        - headers:                          # [8]
            type: Exact                     # [9]
            values:                         # [10]
              foo: bar
      forwardTo:                            # [11]
        - serviceName: whoami               # [12]
          weight: 1                         # [13]
          port: 80                          # [14]
        - backendRef:                       # [15]
            group: traefik.containo.us      # [16]
            kind: TraefikService            # [17]
            name: api@internal              # [18]
          port: 80
          weight: 1
```
Ref Attribute Description
[1] labels Labels to match with the Gateway labelselector.
[2] hostnames A set of hostname that should match against the HTTP Host header to select a HTTPRoute to process the request.
[3] rules A list of HTTP matchers, filters and actions.
[4] matches Conditions used for matching the rule against incoming HTTP requests. Each match is independent, i.e. this rule will be matched if any one of the matches is satisfied.
[5] path An HTTP request path matcher. If this field is not specified, a default prefix match on the "/" path is provided.
[6] type Type of match against the path Value (supported types: Exact, Prefix).
[7] value The value of the HTTP path to match against.
[8] headers Conditions to select a HTTP route by matching HTTP request headers.
[9] type Type of match for the HTTP request header match against the values (supported types: Exact).
[10] values A map of HTTP Headers to be matched. It MUST contain at least one entry.
[11] forwardTo The upstream target(s) where the request should be sent.
[12] serviceName The name of the referent service.
[13] weight The proportion of traffic forwarded to a targetRef, computed as weight/(sum of all weights in targetRefs).
[14] port The port of the referent service.
[15] backendRef The BackendRef is a reference to a backend (API object within a known namespace) to forward matched requests to. If both BackendRef and ServiceName are specified, ServiceName will be given precedence. Only TraefikService is supported.
[16] group Group is the group of the referent. Only traefik.containo.us value is supported.
[17] kind Kind is kind of the referent. Only TraefikService value is supported.
[18] name Name is the name of the referent.

Kind: TCPRoute

TCPRoute allows mapping TCP requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services

Register the TCPRoute definition in the Kubernetes cluster before creating TCPRoute objects.

!!! info "Declaring TCPRoute"

```yaml
kind: TCPRoute
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: tcp-app-1
  namespace: default
  labels:                                   # [1]
    app: tcp-app-1
spec:
  rules:                                    # [2]
    - forwardTo:                            # [3]
        - serviceName: whoamitcp            # [4]
          weight: 1                         # [5]
          port: 8080                        # [6]
        - backendRef:                       # [7]
            group: traefik.containo.us      # [8]
            kind: TraefikService            # [9]
            name: api@internal              # [10]
```
Ref Attribute Description
[1] labels Labels to match with the Gateway labelselector.
[2] rules Rules are a list of TCP matchers and actions.
[3] forwardTo The upstream target(s) where the request should be sent.
[4] serviceName The name of the referent service.
[5] weight The proportion of traffic forwarded to a targetRef, computed as weight/(sum of all weights in targetRefs).
[6] port The port of the referent service.
[7] backendRef The BackendRef is a reference to a backend (API object within a known namespace) to forward matched requests to. If both BackendRef and ServiceName are specified, ServiceName will be given precedence. Only TraefikService is supported.
[8] group Group is the group of the referent. Only traefik.containo.us value is supported.
[9] kind Kind is kind of the referent. Only TraefikService value is supported.
[10] name Name is the name of the referent.

Kind: TLSRoute

TLSRoute allows mapping TLS requests from a Gateway to Kubernetes Services

Register the TLSRoute definition in the Kubernetes cluster before creating TLSRoute objects.

!!! info "Declaring TCPRoute"

```yaml
kind: TLSRoute
apiVersion: networking.x-k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
  name: tls-app-1
  namespace: default
  labels:                                   # [1]
    app: tls-app-1
spec:
  rules:                                    # [2]
    - forwardTo:                            # [3]
        - serviceName: whoamitcp            # [4]
          weight: 1                         # [5]
          port: 8080                        # [6]
        - backendRef:                       # [7]
            group: traefik.containo.us      # [8]
            kind: TraefikService            # [9]
            name: api@internal              # [10]
```
Ref Attribute Description
[1] labels Labels to match with the Gateway labelselector.
[2] rules Rules are a list of TCP matchers and actions.
[3] forwardTo The upstream target(s) where the request should be sent.
[4] serviceName The name of the referent service.
[5] weight The proportion of traffic forwarded to a targetRef, computed as weight/(sum of all weights in targetRefs).
[6] port The port of the referent service.
[7] backendRef The BackendRef is a reference to a backend (API object within a known namespace) to forward matched requests to. If both BackendRef and ServiceName are specified, ServiceName will be given precedence. Only TraefikService is supported.
[8] group Group is the group of the referent. Only traefik.containo.us value is supported.
[9] kind Kind is kind of the referent. Only TraefikService value is supported.
[10] name Name is the name of the referent.