Gérald Croës ac6b11037d Documentation Revamp

Co-authored-by: jbdoumenjou <jb.doumenjou@gmail.com>

2019-02-26 14:50:07 +01:00

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Examples

You will find here some configuration examples of Traefik.

HTTP only

defaultEntryPoints = ["http"]

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"

HTTP + HTTPS (with SNI)

defaultEntryPoints = ["http", "https"]

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]
      [[entryPoints.https.tls.certificates]]
      certFile = "integration/fixtures/https/snitest.com.cert"
      keyFile = "integration/fixtures/https/snitest.com.key"
      [[entryPoints.https.tls.certificates]]
      certFile = "integration/fixtures/https/snitest.org.cert"
      keyFile = "integration/fixtures/https/snitest.org.key"

Note that we can either give path to certificate file or directly the file content itself (like in this TOML example).

HTTP redirect on HTTPS

defaultEntryPoints = ["http", "https"]

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
    [entryPoints.http.redirect]
    entryPoint = "https"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]
      [[entryPoints.https.tls.certificates]]
      certFile = "examples/traefik.crt"
      keyFile = "examples/traefik.key"

!!! note Please note that regex and replacement do not have to be set in the redirect structure if an entrypoint is defined for the redirection (they will not be used in this case)

Let's Encrypt support

Basic example with HTTP challenge

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]

[acme]
email = "test@traefik.io"
storage = "acme.json"
caServer = "https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
entryPoint = "https"
  [acme.httpChallenge]
  entryPoint = "http"

[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local1.com"
  sans = ["test1.local1.com", "test2.local1.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local2.com"
  sans = ["test1.local2.com", "test2x.local2.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local3.com"
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local4.com"

This configuration allows generating Let's Encrypt certificates (thanks to HTTP-01 challenge) for the four domains local[1-4].com with described SANs.

Traefik generates these certificates when it starts and it needs to be restart if new domains are added.

onHostRule option (with HTTP challenge)

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]

[acme]
email = "test@traefik.io"
storage = "acme.json"
onHostRule = true
caServer = "https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
entryPoint = "https"
  [acme.httpChallenge]
  entryPoint = "http"

[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local1.com"
  sans = ["test1.local1.com", "test2.local1.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local2.com"
  sans = ["test1.local2.com", "test2x.local2.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local3.com"
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local4.com"

This configuration allows generating Let's Encrypt certificates (thanks to HTTP-01 challenge) for the four domains local[1-4].com.

Traefik generates these certificates when it starts.

If a backend is added with a onHost rule, Traefik will automatically generate the Let's Encrypt certificate for the new domain (for frontends wired on the acme.entryPoint).

OnDemand option (with HTTP challenge)

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]

[acme]
email = "test@traefik.io"
storage = "acme.json"
onDemand = true
caServer = "https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
entryPoint = "https"
  [acme.httpChallenge]
  entryPoint = "http"

This configuration allows generating a Let's Encrypt certificate (thanks to HTTP-01 challenge) during the first HTTPS request on a new domain.

!!! note This option simplifies the configuration but :

* TLS handshakes will be slow when requesting a hostname certificate for the first time, which can lead to DDoS attacks.
* Let's Encrypt have rate limiting: https://letsencrypt.org/docs/rate-limits

That's why, it's better to use the `onHostRule` option if possible.

DNS challenge

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]

[acme]
email = "test@traefik.io"
storage = "acme.json"
caServer = "https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
entryPoint = "https"
  [acme.dnsChallenge]
  provider = "digitalocean" # DNS Provider name (cloudflare, OVH, gandi...)
  delayBeforeCheck = 0

[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local1.com"
  sans = ["test1.local1.com", "test2.local1.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local2.com"
  sans = ["test1.local2.com", "test2x.local2.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local3.com"
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local4.com"

DNS challenge needs environment variables to be executed. These variables have to be set on the machine/container that host Traefik.

These variables are described in this section.

DNS challenge with wildcard domains

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]

[acme]
email = "test@traefik.io"
storage = "acme.json"
caServer = "https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
entryPoint = "https"
  [acme.dnsChallenge]
  provider = "digitalocean" # DNS Provider name (cloudflare, OVH, gandi...)
  delayBeforeCheck = 0

[[acme.domains]]
  main = "*.local1.com"
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local2.com"
  sans = ["test1.local2.com", "test2x.local2.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "*.local3.com"
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "*.local4.com"

DNS challenge needs environment variables to be executed. These variables have to be set on the machine/container that host Traefik.

These variables are described in this section.

More information about wildcard certificates are available in this section.

onHostRule option and provided certificates (with HTTP challenge)

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]
      [[entryPoints.https.tls.certificates]]
      certFile = "examples/traefik.crt"
      keyFile = "examples/traefik.key"

[acme]
email = "test@traefik.io"
storage = "acme.json"
onHostRule = true
caServer = "http://172.18.0.1:4000/directory"
entryPoint = "https"
  [acme.httpChallenge]
  entryPoint = "http"

Traefik will only try to generate a Let's encrypt certificate (thanks to HTTP-01 challenge) if the domain cannot be checked by the provided certificates.

Cluster mode

Prerequisites

Before you use Let's Encrypt in a Traefik cluster, take a look to the key-value store explanations and more precisely at this section, which will describe how to migrate from a acme local storage (acme.json file) to a key-value store configuration.

Configuration

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
    [entryPoints.https.tls]

[acme]
email = "test@traefik.io"
storage = "traefik/acme/account"
caServer = "http://172.18.0.1:4000/directory"
entryPoint = "https"

[acme.httpChallenge]
    entryPoint = "http"

[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local1.com"
  sans = ["test1.local1.com", "test2.local1.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local2.com"
  sans = ["test1.local2.com", "test2x.local2.com"]
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local3.com"
[[acme.domains]]
  main = "local4.com"

[consul]
  endpoint = "127.0.0.1:8500"
  watch = true
  prefix = "traefik"

This configuration allows to use the key traefik/acme/account to get/set Let's Encrypt certificates content. The consul provider contains the configuration.

!!! note It's possible to use others key-value store providers as described here.

Override entrypoints in frontends

[frontends]

  [frontends.frontend1]
  backend = "backend2"
    [frontends.frontend1.routes.test_1]
    rule = "Host:test.localhost"

  [frontends.frontend2]
  backend = "backend1"
  passHostHeader = true
  entrypoints = ["https"] # overrides defaultEntryPoints
    [frontends.frontend2.routes.test_1]
    rule = "Host:{subdomain:[a-z]+}.localhost"

  [frontends.frontend3]
  entrypoints = ["http", "https"] # overrides defaultEntryPoints
  backend = "backend2"
  rule = "Path:/test"

Override the Traefik HTTP server idleTimeout and/or throttle configurations from re-loading too quickly

providersThrottleDuration = "5s"

[respondingTimeouts]
idleTimeout = "360s"

Using labels in docker-compose.yml

Pay attention to the labels section:

home:
image: abiosoft/caddy:0.10.14
networks:
  - ntw_front
volumes:
  - ./www/home/srv/:/srv/
deploy:
  mode: replicated
  replicas: 2
  #placement:
  #  constraints: [node.role==manager]
  restart_policy:
    condition: on-failure
    max_attempts: 5
  resources:
    limits:
      cpus: '0.20'
      memory: 9M
    reservations:
      cpus: '0.05'
      memory: 9M
  labels:
  - "traefik.frontend.rule=PathPrefixStrip:/"
  - "traefik.backend=home"
  - "traefik.port=2015"
  - "traefik.weight=10"
  - "traefik.enable=true"
  - "traefik.passHostHeader=true"
  - "traefik.docker.network=ntw_front"
  - "traefik.frontend.entryPoints=http"
  - "traefik.backend.loadbalancer.swarm=true"
  - "traefik.backend.loadbalancer.method=drr"

Something more tricky using regex.

In this case a slash is added to siteexample.io/portainer and redirect to siteexample.io/portainer/. For more details: https://github.com/containous/traefik/issues/563

The double sign $$ are variables managed by the docker compose file (documentation).

portainer:
image: portainer/portainer:1.16.5
networks:
  - ntw_front
volumes:
  - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
deploy:
  mode: replicated
  replicas: 1
  placement:
    constraints: [node.role==manager]
  restart_policy:
    condition: on-failure
    max_attempts: 5
  resources:
    limits:
      cpus: '0.33'
      memory: 20M
    reservations:
      cpus: '0.05'
      memory: 10M
  labels:
    - "traefik.frontend.rule=PathPrefixStrip:/portainer"
    - "traefik.backend=portainer"
    - "traefik.port=9000"
    - "traefik.weight=10"
    - "traefik.enable=true"
    - "traefik.passHostHeader=true"
    - "traefik.docker.network=ntw_front"
    - "traefik.frontend.entryPoints=http"
    - "traefik.backend.loadbalancer.swarm=true"
    - "traefik.backend.loadbalancer.method=drr"
    # https://github.com/containous/traefik/issues/563#issuecomment-421360934
    - "traefik.frontend.redirect.regex=^(.*)/portainer$$"
    - "traefik.frontend.redirect.replacement=$$1/portainer/"
    - "traefik.frontend.rule=PathPrefix:/portainer;ReplacePathRegex: ^/portainer/(.*) /$$1"

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