610 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
610 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# Traefik & Docker
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A Story of Labels & Containers
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{: .subtitle }
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Attach labels to your containers and let Traefik do the rest!
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## Configuration Examples
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??? example "Configuring Docker & Deploying / Exposing Services"
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Enabling the docker provider
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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[providers.docker]
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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providers:
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docker: {}
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```
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```bash tab="CLI"
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--providers.docker=true
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```
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Attaching labels to containers (in your docker compose file)
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```yaml
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version: "3"
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services:
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my-container:
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# ...
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labels:
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- traefik.http.routers.my-container.rule=Host(`example.com`)
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```
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??? example "Specify a Custom Port for the Container"
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Forward requests for `http://example.com` to `http://<private IP of container>:12345`:
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```yaml
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version: "3"
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services:
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my-container:
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# ...
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labels:
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- traefik.http.routers.my-container.rule=Host(`example.com`)
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# Tell Traefik to use the port 12345 to connect to `my-container`
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- traefik.http.services.my-service.loadbalancer.server.port=12345
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```
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!!! important "Traefik Connecting to the Wrong Port: `HTTP/502 Gateway Error`"
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By default, Traefik uses the first exposed port of a container.
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Setting the label `traefik.http.services.xxx.loadbalancer.server.port`
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overrides that behavior.
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??? example "Configuring Docker Swarm & Deploying / Exposing Services"
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Enabling the docker provider (Swarm Mode)
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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[providers.docker]
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# swarm classic (1.12-)
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# endpoint = "tcp://127.0.0.1:2375"
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# docker swarm mode (1.12+)
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endpoint = "tcp://127.0.0.1:2377"
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swarmMode = true
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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providers:
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docker:
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# swarm classic (1.12-)
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# endpoint = "tcp://127.0.0.1:2375"
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# docker swarm mode (1.12+)
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endpoint: "tcp://127.0.0.1:2375"
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swarmMode: true
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```
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```bash tab="CLI"
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--providers.docker.endpoint=tcp://127.0.0.1:2375
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--providers.docker.swarmMode=true
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```
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Attach labels to services (not to containers) while in Swarm mode (in your docker compose file)
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```yaml
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version: "3"
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services:
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my-container:
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deploy:
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labels:
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- traefik.http.routers.my-container.rule=Host(`example.com`)
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- traefik.http.services.my-container-service.loadbalancer.server.port=8080
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```
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!!! important "Labels in Docker Swarm Mode"
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While in Swarm Mode, Traefik uses labels found on services, not on individual containers.
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Therefore, if you use a compose file with Swarm Mode, labels should be defined in the `deploy` part of your service.
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This behavior is only enabled for docker-compose version 3+ ([Compose file reference](https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/#labels-1)).
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## Routing Configuration
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!!! info "Labels"
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- Labels are case insensitive.
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- The complete list of labels can be found in [the reference page](../../reference/dynamic-configuration/docker.md).
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### General
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Traefik creates, for each container, a corresponding [service](../services/index.md) and [router](../routers/index.md).
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The Service automatically gets a server per instance of the container,
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and the router automatically gets a rule defined by `defaultRule` (if no rule for it was defined in labels).
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#### Service definition
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--8<-- "content/routing/providers/service-by-label.md"
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??? example "Automatic service assignment with labels"
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With labels in a compose file
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```yaml
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.routers.myproxy.rule=Host(`example.net`)"
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# service myservice gets automatically assigned to router myproxy
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.server.port=80"
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```
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??? example "Automatic service creation and assignment with labels"
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With labels in a compose file
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```yaml
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labels:
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# no service specified or defined and yet one gets automatically created
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# and assigned to router myproxy.
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- "traefik.http.routers.myproxy.rule=Host(`example.net`)"
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```
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### Routers
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To update the configuration of the Router automatically attached to the container,
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add labels starting with `traefik.http.routers.<name-of-your-choice>.` and followed by the option you want to change.
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For example, to change the rule, you could add the label ```traefik.http.routers.my-container.rule=Host(`example.com`)```.
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!!! warning "The character `@` is not authorized in the router name `<router_name>`."
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.rule`"
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See [rule](../routers/index.md#rule) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.rule=Host(`example.com`)"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.entrypoints`"
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See [entry points](../routers/index.md#entrypoints) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.entrypoints=ep1,ep2"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.middlewares`"
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See [middlewares](../routers/index.md#middlewares) and [middlewares overview](../../middlewares/overview.md) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.middlewares=auth,prefix,cb"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.service`"
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See [service](../routers/index.md#service) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.service=myservice"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls`"
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See [tls](../routers/index.md#tls) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls=true"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.certresolver`"
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See [certResolver](../routers/index.md#certresolver) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].main`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.domains[0].main=example.org"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].sans`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.domains[0].sans=test.example.org,dev.example.org"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.tls.options`"
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See [options](../routers/index.md#options) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.tls.options=foobar"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.routers.<router_name>.priority`"
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See [priority](../routers/index.md#priority) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.routers.myrouter.priority=42"
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```
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### Services
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To update the configuration of the Service automatically attached to the container,
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add labels starting with `traefik.http.services.<name-of-your-choice>.`, followed by the option you want to change.
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For example, to change the `passHostHeader` behavior,
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you'd add the label `traefik.http.services.<name-of-your-choice>.loadbalancer.passhostheader=false`.
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!!! warning "The character `@` is not authorized in the service name `<service_name>`."
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.port`"
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Registers a port.
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Useful when the container exposes multiples ports.
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Mandatory for Docker Swarm (see the section ["Port Detection with Docker Swarm"](../../providers/docker.md#port-detection_1)).
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{: #port }
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.server.port=8080"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.scheme`"
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Overrides the default scheme.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.server.scheme=http"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.passhostheader`"
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See [pass Host header](../services/index.md#pass-host-header) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.passhostheader=true"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.headers.<header_name>`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.headers.X-Foo=foobar"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.hostname`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.hostname=example.org"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.interval`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.interval=10s"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.path`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.path=/foo"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.port`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.port=42"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.scheme`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.scheme=http"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.timeout`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.timeout=10"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.healthcheck.followredirects`"
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See [health check](../services/index.md#health-check) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.healthcheck.followredirects=true"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie=true"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.httponly`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.httponly=true"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.name`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.name=foobar"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.secure`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.secure=true"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.samesite`"
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See [sticky sessions](../services/index.md#sticky-sessions) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.sticky.cookie.samesite=none"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.http.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.responseforwarding.flushinterval`"
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See [response forwarding](../services/index.md#response-forwarding) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.http.services.myservice.loadbalancer.responseforwarding.flushinterval=10"
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```
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### Middleware
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You can declare pieces of middleware using labels starting with `traefik.http.middlewares.<name-of-your-choice>.`,
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followed by the middleware type/options.
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For example, to declare a middleware [`redirectscheme`](../../middlewares/redirectscheme.md) named `my-redirect`,
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you'd write `traefik.http.middlewares.my-redirect.redirectscheme.scheme=https`.
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More information about available middlewares in the dedicated [middlewares section](../../middlewares/overview.md).
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!!! warning "The character `@` is not authorized in the middleware name."
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??? example "Declaring and Referencing a Middleware"
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```yaml
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services:
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my-container:
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# ...
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labels:
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# Declaring a middleware
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- traefik.http.middlewares.my-redirect.redirectscheme.scheme=https
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# Referencing a middleware
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- traefik.http.routers.my-container.middlewares=my-redirect
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```
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!!! warning "Conflicts in Declaration"
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If you declare multiple middleware with the same name but with different parameters, the middleware fails to be declared.
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### TCP
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You can declare TCP Routers and/or Services using labels.
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??? example "Declaring TCP Routers and Services"
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```yaml
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services:
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my-container:
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# ...
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labels:
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.my-router.rule=HostSNI(`example.com`)"
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.my-router.tls=true"
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- "traefik.tcp.services.my-service.loadbalancer.server.port=4123"
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```
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!!! warning "TCP and HTTP"
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If you declare a TCP Router/Service, it will prevent Traefik from automatically creating an HTTP Router/Service (like it does by default if no TCP Router/Service is defined).
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You can declare both a TCP Router/Service and an HTTP Router/Service for the same container (but you have to do so manually).
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#### TCP Routers
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.entrypoints`"
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See [entry points](../routers/index.md#entrypoints_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.entrypoints=ep1,ep2"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.rule`"
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See [rule](../routers/index.md#rule_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.rule=HostSNI(`example.com`)"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.service`"
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See [service](../routers/index.md#services) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.service=myservice"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls`"
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See [TLS](../routers/index.md#tls_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls=true"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.certresolver`"
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See [certResolver](../routers/index.md#certresolver_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].main`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.domains[0].main=example.org"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.domains[n].sans`"
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See [domains](../routers/index.md#domains_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.domains[0].sans=test.example.org,dev.example.org"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.options`"
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See [options](../routers/index.md#options_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.options=mysoptions"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.routers.<router_name>.tls.passthrough`"
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See [TLS](../routers/index.md#tls_1) for more information.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.routers.mytcprouter.tls.passthrough=true"
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```
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#### TCP Services
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.port`"
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Registers a port of the application.
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```yaml
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- "traefik.tcp.services.mytcpservice.loadbalancer.server.port=423"
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```
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??? info "`traefik.tcp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.terminationdelay`"
|
|
|
|
See [termination delay](../services/index.md#termination-delay) for more information.
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
- "traefik.tcp.services.mytcpservice.loadbalancer.terminationdelay=100"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### UDP
|
|
|
|
You can declare UDP Routers and/or Services using labels.
|
|
|
|
??? example "Declaring UDP Routers and Services"
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
services:
|
|
my-container:
|
|
# ...
|
|
labels:
|
|
- "traefik.udp.routers.my-router.entrypoint=udp"
|
|
- "traefik.udp.services.my-service.loadbalancer.server.port=4123"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
!!! warning "UDP and HTTP"
|
|
|
|
If you declare a UDP Router/Service, it will prevent Traefik from automatically creating an HTTP Router/Service (like it does by default if no UDP Router/Service is defined).
|
|
You can declare both a UDP Router/Service and an HTTP Router/Service for the same container (but you have to do so manually).
|
|
|
|
#### UDP Routers
|
|
|
|
??? info "`traefik.udp.routers.<router_name>.entrypoints`"
|
|
|
|
See [entry points](../routers/index.md#entrypoints_2) for more information.
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
- "traefik.udp.routers.myudprouter.entrypoints=ep1,ep2"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
??? info "`traefik.udp.routers.<router_name>.service`"
|
|
|
|
See [service](../routers/index.md#services_1) for more information.
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
- "traefik.udp.routers.myudprouter.service=myservice"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
#### UDP Services
|
|
|
|
??? info "`traefik.udp.services.<service_name>.loadbalancer.server.port`"
|
|
|
|
Registers a port of the application.
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
- "traefik.udp.services.myudpservice.loadbalancer.server.port=423"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Specific Provider Options
|
|
|
|
#### `traefik.enable`
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
- "traefik.enable=true"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can tell Traefik to consider (or not) the container by setting `traefik.enable` to true or false.
|
|
|
|
This option overrides the value of `exposedByDefault`.
|
|
|
|
#### `traefik.docker.network`
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
- "traefik.docker.network=mynetwork"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Overrides the default docker network to use for connections to the container.
|
|
|
|
If a container is linked to several networks, be sure to set the proper network name (you can check this with `docker inspect <container_id>`),
|
|
otherwise it will randomly pick one (depending on how docker is returning them).
|
|
|
|
!!! warning
|
|
When deploying a stack from a compose file `stack`, the networks defined are prefixed with `stack`.
|
|
|
|
#### `traefik.docker.lbswarm`
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
- "traefik.docker.lbswarm=true"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Enables Swarm's inbuilt load balancer (only relevant in Swarm Mode).
|
|
|
|
If you enable this option, Traefik will use the virtual IP provided by docker swarm instead of the containers IPs.
|
|
Which means that Traefik will not perform any kind of load balancing and will delegate this task to swarm.
|