330 lines
21 KiB
Markdown
330 lines
21 KiB
Markdown
# ACME
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Automatic HTTPS
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{: .subtitle }
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Traefik can automatically generate certificates for your domains using an ACME provider (like Let's Encrypt).
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!!! warning "Let's Encrypt and Rate Limiting"
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Note that Let's Encrypt has [rate limiting](https://letsencrypt.org/docs/rate-limits).
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## Configuration Examples
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??? example "Configuring ACME on the Https EntryPoint"
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```toml
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[entryPoints]
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[entryPoints.web]
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address = ":80"
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[entryPoints.http-tls]
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address = ":443"
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[entryPoints.http-tls.tls] # enabling TLS
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[acme]
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email = "your-email@your-domain.org"
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storage = "acme.json"
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entryPoint = "http-tls" # acme is enabled on http-tls
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onHostRule = true # dynamic generation based on the Host() matcher
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[acme.httpChallenge]
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entryPoint = "web" # used during the challenge
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```
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??? example "Configuring Wildcard Certificates"
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```toml
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[entryPoints]
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[entryPoints.web]
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address = ":80"
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[entryPoints.http-tls]
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address = ":443"
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[entryPoints.https.tls] # enabling TLS
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[acme]
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email = "your-email@your-domain.org"
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storage = "acme.json"
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entryPoint = "http-tls" # acme is enabled on http-tls
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[acme.dnsChallenge]
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provider = "xxx"
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[[acme.domains]]
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main = "*.mydomain.com"
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sans = ["mydomain.com"]
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```
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!!! note "Configuration Reference"
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There are many available options for ACME. For a quick glance at what's possible, browse the [configuration reference](../reference/acme.md).
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## Configuration Options
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### The Different ACME Challenges
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#### tlsChallenge
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Use the `TLS-ALPN-01` challenge to generate and renew ACME certificates by provisioning a TLS certificate.
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??? example "Using an EntryPoint Called https for the `tlsChallenge`"
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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entryPoint = "https"
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[acme.tlsChallenge]
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```
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!!! note
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As described on the Let's Encrypt [community forum](https://community.letsencrypt.org/t/support-for-ports-other-than-80-and-443/3419/72), when using the `TLS-ALPN-01` challenge, `acme.entryPoint` must be reachable by Let's Encrypt through port 443.
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#### `httpChallenge`
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Use the `HTTP-01` challenge to generate and renew ACME certificates by provisioning an HTTP resource under a well-known URI.
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??? example "Using an EntryPoint Called http for the `httpChallenge`"
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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entryPoint = "https"
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[acme.httpChallenge]
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entryPoint = "http"
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```
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!!! note
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As described on the Let's Encrypt [community forum](https://community.letsencrypt.org/t/support-for-ports-other-than-80-and-443/3419/72), when using the `HTTP-01` challenge, `acme.httpChallenge.entryPoint` must be reachable by Let's Encrypt through port 80.
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!!! note
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Redirection is fully compatible with the `HTTP-01` challenge.
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#### `dnsChallenge`
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Use the `DNS-01` challenge to generate and renew ACME certificates by provisioning a DNS record.
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??? example "Configuring a `dnsChallenge` with the digitalocean Provider"
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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[acme.dnsChallenge]
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provider = "digitalocean"
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delayBeforeCheck = 0
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# ...
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```
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!!! important
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A `provider` is mandatory.
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??? list "Supported Providers"
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Here is a list of supported `providers`, that can automate the DNS verification, along with the required environment variables and their [wildcard & root domain support](#wildcard-domains).
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| Provider Name | Provider Code | Environment Variables | Wildcard & Root Domain Support |
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|--------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|
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| [ACME DNS](https://github.com/joohoi/acme-dns) | `acme-dns` | `ACME_DNS_API_BASE`, `ACME_DNS_STORAGE_PATH` | Not tested yet |
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| [Alibaba Cloud](https://www.vultr.com) | `alidns` | `ALICLOUD_ACCESS_KEY`, `ALICLOUD_SECRET_KEY`, `ALICLOUD_REGION_ID` | Not tested yet |
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| [Auroradns](https://www.pcextreme.com/aurora/dns) | `auroradns` | `AURORA_USER_ID`, `AURORA_KEY`, `AURORA_ENDPOINT` | Not tested yet |
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| [Azure](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/dns/) | `azure` | `AZURE_CLIENT_ID`, `AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET`, `AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID`, `AZURE_TENANT_ID`, `AZURE_RESOURCE_GROUP`, `[AZURE_METADATA_ENDPOINT]` | Not tested yet |
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| [Blue Cat](https://www.bluecatnetworks.com/) | `bluecat` | `BLUECAT_SERVER_URL`, `BLUECAT_USER_NAME`, `BLUECAT_PASSWORD`, `BLUECAT_CONFIG_NAME`, `BLUECAT_DNS_VIEW` | Not tested yet |
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| [Cloudflare](https://www.cloudflare.com) | `cloudflare` | `CF_API_EMAIL`, `CF_API_KEY` - The `Global API Key` needs to be used, not the `Origin CA Key` | YES |
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| [CloudXNS](https://www.cloudxns.net) | `cloudxns` | `CLOUDXNS_API_KEY`, `CLOUDXNS_SECRET_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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| [ConoHa](https://www.conoha.jp) | `conoha` | `CONOHA_TENANT_ID`, `CONOHA_API_USERNAME`, `CONOHA_API_PASSWORD` | YES |
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| [DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com) | `digitalocean` | `DO_AUTH_TOKEN` | YES |
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| [DNSimple](https://dnsimple.com) | `dnsimple` | `DNSIMPLE_OAUTH_TOKEN`, `DNSIMPLE_BASE_URL` | Not tested yet |
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| [DNS Made Easy](https://dnsmadeeasy.com) | `dnsmadeeasy` | `DNSMADEEASY_API_KEY`, `DNSMADEEASY_API_SECRET`, `DNSMADEEASY_SANDBOX` | Not tested yet |
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| [DNSPod](https://www.dnspod.com/) | `dnspod` | `DNSPOD_API_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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| [DreamHost](https://www.dreamhost.com/) | `dreamhost` | `DREAMHOST_API_KEY` | YES |
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| [Duck DNS](https://www.duckdns.org/) | `duckdns` | `DUCKDNS_TOKEN` | No |
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| [Dyn](https://dyn.com) | `dyn` | `DYN_CUSTOMER_NAME`, `DYN_USER_NAME`, `DYN_PASSWORD` | Not tested yet |
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| External Program | `exec` | `EXEC_PATH` | YES |
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| [Exoscale](https://www.exoscale.com) | `exoscale` | `EXOSCALE_API_KEY`, `EXOSCALE_API_SECRET`, `EXOSCALE_ENDPOINT` | YES |
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| [Fast DNS](https://www.akamai.com/) | `fastdns` | `AKAMAI_CLIENT_TOKEN`, `AKAMAI_CLIENT_SECRET`, `AKAMAI_ACCESS_TOKEN` | Not tested yet |
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| [Gandi](https://www.gandi.net) | `gandi` | `GANDI_API_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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| [Gandi v5](http://doc.livedns.gandi.net) | `gandiv5` | `GANDIV5_API_KEY` | YES |
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| [Glesys](https://glesys.com/) | `glesys` | `GLESYS_API_USER`, `GLESYS_API_KEY`, `GLESYS_DOMAIN` | Not tested yet |
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| [GoDaddy](https://godaddy.com/domains) | `godaddy` | `GODADDY_API_KEY`, `GODADDY_API_SECRET` | Not tested yet |
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| [Google Cloud DNS](https://cloud.google.com/dns/docs/) | `gcloud` | `GCE_PROJECT`, `GCE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE` | YES |
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| [hosting.de](https://www.hosting.de) | `hostingde` | `HOSTINGDE_API_KEY`, `HOSTINGDE_ZONE_NAME` | Not tested yet |
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| HTTP request | `httpreq` | `HTTPREQ_ENDPOINT`, `HTTPREQ_MODE`, `HTTPREQ_USERNAME`, `HTTPREQ_PASSWORD` (1) | YES |
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| [IIJ](https://www.iij.ad.jp/) | `iij` | `IIJ_API_ACCESS_KEY`, `IIJ_API_SECRET_KEY`, `IIJ_DO_SERVICE_CODE` | Not tested yet |
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| [INWX](https://www.inwx.de/en) | `inwx` | `INWX_USERNAME`, `INWX_PASSWORD` | YES |
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| [Lightsail](https://aws.amazon.com/lightsail/) | `lightsail` | `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`, `DNS_ZONE` | Not tested yet |
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| [Linode](https://www.linode.com) | `linode` | `LINODE_API_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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| [Linode v4](https://www.linode.com) | `linodev4` | `LINODE_TOKEN` | Not tested yet |
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| manual | - | none, but you need to run Traefik interactively, turn on `acmeLogging` to see instructions and press <kbd>Enter</kbd>. | YES |
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| [MyDNS.jp](https://www.mydns.jp/) | `mydnsjp` | `MYDNSJP_MASTER_ID`, `MYDNSJP_PASSWORD` | YES |
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| [Namecheap](https://www.namecheap.com) | `namecheap` | `NAMECHEAP_API_USER`, `NAMECHEAP_API_KEY` | YES |
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| [name.com](https://www.name.com/) | `namedotcom` | `NAMECOM_USERNAME`, `NAMECOM_API_TOKEN`, `NAMECOM_SERVER` | Not tested yet |
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| [Netcup](https://www.netcup.eu/) | `netcup` | `NETCUP_CUSTOMER_NUMBER`, `NETCUP_API_KEY`, `NETCUP_API_PASSWORD` | Not tested yet |
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| [NIFCloud](https://cloud.nifty.com/service/dns.htm) | `nifcloud` | `NIFCLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `NIFCLOUD_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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| [Ns1](https://ns1.com/) | `ns1` | `NS1_API_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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| [Open Telekom Cloud](https://cloud.telekom.de) | `otc` | `OTC_DOMAIN_NAME`, `OTC_USER_NAME`, `OTC_PASSWORD`, `OTC_PROJECT_NAME`, `OTC_IDENTITY_ENDPOINT` | Not tested yet |
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| [OVH](https://www.ovh.com) | `ovh` | `OVH_ENDPOINT`, `OVH_APPLICATION_KEY`, `OVH_APPLICATION_SECRET`, `OVH_CONSUMER_KEY` | YES |
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| [PowerDNS](https://www.powerdns.com) | `pdns` | `PDNS_API_KEY`, `PDNS_API_URL` | Not tested yet |
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| [Rackspace](https://www.rackspace.com/cloud/dns) | `rackspace` | `RACKSPACE_USER`, `RACKSPACE_API_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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| [RFC2136](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2136) | `rfc2136` | `RFC2136_TSIG_KEY`, `RFC2136_TSIG_SECRET`, `RFC2136_TSIG_ALGORITHM`, `RFC2136_NAMESERVER` | Not tested yet |
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| [Route 53](https://aws.amazon.com/route53/) | `route53` | `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`, `[AWS_REGION]`, `[AWS_HOSTED_ZONE_ID]` or a configured user/instance IAM profile. | YES |
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| [Sakura Cloud](https://cloud.sakura.ad.jp/) | `sakuracloud` | `SAKURACLOUD_ACCESS_TOKEN`, `SAKURACLOUD_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET` | Not tested yet |
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| [Selectel](https://selectel.ru/en/) | `selectel` | `SELECTEL_API_TOKEN` | YES |
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| [Stackpath](https://www.stackpath.com/) | `stackpath` | `STACKPATH_CLIENT_ID`, `STACKPATH_CLIENT_SECRET`, `STACKPATH_STACK_ID` | Not tested yet |
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| [TransIP](https://www.transip.nl/) | `transip` | `TRANSIP_ACCOUNT_NAME`, `TRANSIP_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH` | YES |
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| [VegaDNS](https://github.com/shupp/VegaDNS-API) | `vegadns` | `SECRET_VEGADNS_KEY`, `SECRET_VEGADNS_SECRET`, `VEGADNS_URL` | Not tested yet |
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| [Vscale](https://vscale.io/) | `vscale` | `VSCALE_API_TOKEN` | YES |
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| [VULTR](https://www.vultr.com) | `vultr` | `VULTR_API_KEY` | Not tested yet |
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- (1): more information about the HTTP message format can be found [here](https://github.com/xenolf/lego/blob/master/providers/dns/httpreq/readme.md)
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!!! note "`delayBeforeCheck`"
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By default, the `provider` verifies the TXT record _before_ letting ACME verify.
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You can delay this operation by specifying a delay (in seconds) with `delayBeforeCheck` (value must be greater than zero).
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This option is useful when internal networks block external DNS queries.
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!!! note "`resolvers`"
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Use custom DNS servers to resolve the FQDN authority.
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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[acme.dnsChallenge]
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# ...
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resolvers = ["1.1.1.1:53", "8.8.8.8:53"]
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```
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### Known Domains, SANs, and Wildcards
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You can set SANs (alternative domains) for each main domain.
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Every domain must have A/AAAA records pointing to Traefik.
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Each domain & SAN will lead to a certificate request.
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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[[acme.domains]]
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main = "local1.com"
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sans = ["test1.local1.com", "test2.local1.com"]
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[[acme.domains]]
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main = "local2.com"
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[[acme.domains]]
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main = "*.local3.com"
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sans = ["local3.com", "test1.test1.local3.com"]
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# ...
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```
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!!! important
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The certificates for the domains listed in `acme.domains` are negotiated at Traefik startup only.
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!!! note
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Wildcard certificates can only be verified through a `DNS-01` challenge.
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#### Wildcard Domains
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[ACME V2](https://community.letsencrypt.org/t/acme-v2-and-wildcard-certificate-support-is-live/55579) supports wildcard certificates.
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As described in [Let's Encrypt's post](https://community.letsencrypt.org/t/staging-endpoint-for-acme-v2/49605) wildcard certificates can only be generated through a [`DNS-01` challenge](#dnschallenge).
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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[[acme.domains]]
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main = "*.local1.com"
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sans = ["local1.com"]
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# ...
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```
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!!! note "Double Wildcard Certificates"
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It is not possible to request a double wildcard certificate for a domain (for example `*.*.local.com`).
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Due to an ACME limitation it is not possible to define wildcards in SANs (alternative domains).
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Thus, the wildcard domain has to be defined as a main domain.
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Most likely the root domain should receive a certificate too, so it needs to be specified as SAN and 2 `DNS-01` challenges are executed.
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In this case the generated DNS TXT record for both domains is the same.
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Even though this behavior is [DNS RFC](https://community.letsencrypt.org/t/wildcard-issuance-two-txt-records-for-the-same-name/54528/2) compliant, it can lead to problems as all DNS providers keep DNS records cached for a given time (TTL) and this TTL can be greater than the challenge timeout making the `DNS-01` challenge fail.
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The Traefik ACME client library [LEGO](https://github.com/xenolf/lego) supports some but not all DNS providers to work around this issue.
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The [Supported `provider` table](#dnschallenge) indicates if they allow generating certificates for a wildcard domain and its root domain.
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### caServer
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??? example "Using the Let's Encrypt staging server"
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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caServer = "https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
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# ...
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```
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### onHostRule
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Enable certificate generation on [routers](routers.md) `Host` rules (for routers active on the `acme.entryPoint`).
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This will request a certificate from Let's Encrypt for each router with a Host rule.
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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onHostRule = true
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# ...
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```
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!!! note "Multiple Hosts in a Rule"
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The rule `Host(test1.traefik.io,test2.traefik.io)` will request a certificate with the main domain `test1.traefik.io` and SAN `test2.traefik.io`.
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!!! warning
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`onHostRule` option can not be used to generate wildcard certificates. Refer to [wildcard generation](#wildcard-domains) for further information.
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### `storage`
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The `storage` option sets the location where your ACME certificates are saved to.
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```toml
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[acme]
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# ...
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storage = "acme.json"
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# ...
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```
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The value can refer to two kinds of storage:
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- a JSON file
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- a KV store entry
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#### In a File
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ACME certificates can be stored in a JSON file that needs to have a `600` file mode .
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In Docker you can mount either the JSON file, or the folder containing it:
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```bash
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docker run -v "/my/host/acme.json:acme.json" traefik
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```
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```bash
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docker run -v "/my/host/acme:/etc/traefik/acme" traefik
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```
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!!! warning
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For concurrency reason, this file cannot be shared across multiple instances of Traefik. Use a key value store entry instead.
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#### In a a Key Value Store Entry
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ACME certificates can be stored in a key-value store entry.
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```toml
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storage = "traefik/acme/account"
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```
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!!! note "Storage Size"
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Because key-value stores have limited entry size, the certificates list is compressed _before_ it is saved.
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For example, it is possible to store up to _approximately_ 100 ACME certificates in Consul.
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## Fallbacks
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If Let's Encrypt is not reachable, the following certificates will apply:
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1. Previously generated ACME certificates (before downtime)
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1. Expired ACME certificates
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1. Provided certificates
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!!! note
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For new (sub)domains which need Let's Encrypt authentification, the default Traefik certificate will be used until Traefik is restarted.
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