153 lines
6 KiB
Markdown
153 lines
6 KiB
Markdown
# Middlewares
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Tweaking the Request
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{: .subtitle }
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Attached to the routers, pieces of middleware are a mean of tweaking the requests before they are sent to your [service](../routing/services/index.md) (or before the answer from the services are sent to the clients).
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There are many different available middlewares in Traefik, some can modify the request, the headers, some are in charge of redirections, some add authentication, and so on.
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Pieces of middleware can be combined in chains to fit every scenario.
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## Configuration Example
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```yaml tab="Docker"
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# As a Docker Label
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whoami:
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image: containous/whoami # A container that exposes an API to show its IP address
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.foo-add-prefix.addprefix.prefix=/foo"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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# As a Kubernetes Traefik IngressRoute
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apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
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kind: CustomResourceDefinition
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metadata:
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name: middlewares.traefik.containo.us
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spec:
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group: traefik.containo.us
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version: v1alpha1
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names:
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kind: Middleware
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plural: middlewares
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singular: middleware
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scope: Namespaced
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---
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apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: stripprefix
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spec:
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stripprefix:
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prefixes:
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- /stripit
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---
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apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
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kind: IngressRoute
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metadata:
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name: ingressroute.crd
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spec:
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# more fields...
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routes:
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# more fields...
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middlewares:
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- name: stripprefix
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```
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```json tab="Marathon"
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"labels": {
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"traefik.http.middlewares.foo-add-prefix.addprefix.prefix": "/foo"
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}
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```
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```yaml tab="Rancher"
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# As a Rancher Label
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.foo-add-prefix.addprefix.prefix=/foo"
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```
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```toml tab="File"
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# As Toml Configuration File
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[providers]
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[providers.file]
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[http.routers]
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[http.routers.router1]
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Service = "myService"
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Middlewares = ["foo-add-prefix"]
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Rule = "Host(`example.com`)"
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.foo-add-prefix.AddPrefix]
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prefix = "/foo"
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[http.services]
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[http.services.service1]
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[http.services.service1.LoadBalancer]
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[[http.services.service1.LoadBalancer.Servers]]
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URL = "http://127.0.0.1:80"
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Weight = 1
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```
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## Advanced Configuration
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When you declare a middleware, it lives in its `provider` namespace.
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For example, if you declare a middleware using a Docker label, under the hoods, it will reside in the docker `provider` namespace.
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If you use multiple `providers` and wish to reference a middleware declared in another `provider`, then you'll have to prefix the middleware name with the `provider` name.
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??? abstract "Referencing a Middleware from Another Provider"
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Declaring the add-foo-prefix in the file provider.
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```toml
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[providers]
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[providers.file]
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.add-foo-prefix.AddPrefix]
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prefix = "/foo"
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```
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Using the add-foo-prefix middleware from docker.
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```yaml
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your-container: #
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image: your-docker-image
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labels:
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# Attach file.add-foo-prefix middleware (declared in file)
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- "traefik.http.routers.middlewares=file.add-foo-prefix"
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```
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## Available Middlewares
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| Middleware | Purpose | Area |
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|-------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
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| [AddPrefix](addprefix.md) | Add a Path Prefix | Path Modifier |
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| [BasicAuth](basicauth.md) | Basic auth mechanism | Security, Authentication |
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| [Buffering](buffering.md) | Buffers the request/response | Request Lifecycle |
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| [Chain](chain.md) | Combine multiple pieces of middleware | Middleware tool |
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| [CircuitBreaker](circuitbreaker.md) | Stop calling unhealthy services | Request Lifecycle |
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| [Compress](circuitbreaker.md) | Compress the response | Content Modifier |
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| [DigestAuth](digestauth.md) | Adds Digest Authentication | Security, Authentication |
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| [Errors](errorpages.md) | Define custom error pages | Request Lifecycle |
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| [ForwardAuth](forwardauth.md) | Authentication delegation | Security, Authentication |
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| [Headers](headers.md) | Add / Update headers | Security |
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| [IPWhiteList](ipwhitelist.md) | Limit the allowed client IPs | Security, Request lifecycle |
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| [MaxConnection](maxconnection.md) | Limit the number of simultaneous connections | Security, Request lifecycle |
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| [PassTLSClientCert](passtlsclientcert.md) | TODO | Security |
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| [RateLimit](ratelimit.md) | Limit the call frequency | Security, Request lifecycle |
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| [RedirectScheme](redirectscheme.md) | Redirect easily the client elsewhere | Request lifecycle |
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| [RedirectRegex](redirectregex.md) | Redirect the client elsewhere | Request lifecycle |
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| [ReplacePath](replacepath.md) | Change the path of the request | Path Modifier |
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| [ReplacePathRegex](replacepathregex.md) | Change the path of the request | Path Modifier |
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| [Retry](retry.md) | Automatically retry the request in case of errors | Request lifecycle |
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| [StripPrefix](stripprefix.md) | Change the path of the request | Path Modifier |
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| [StripPrefixRegex](stripprefixregex.md) | Change the path of the request | Path Modifier |
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