traefik/docs/content/middlewares/http/ipallowlist.md
2023-05-10 15:28:05 +02:00

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---
title: "Traefik HTTP Middlewares IPAllowList"
description: "Learn how to use IPAllowList in HTTP middleware for limiting clients to specific IPs in Traefik Proxy. Read the technical documentation."
---
# IPAllowList
Limiting Clients to Specific IPs
{: .subtitle }
IPAllowList accepts / refuses requests based on the client IP.
## Configuration Examples
```yaml tab="Docker & Swarm"
# Accepts request from defined IP
labels:
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
```
```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
kind: Middleware
metadata:
name: test-ipallowlist
spec:
ipAllowList:
sourceRange:
- 127.0.0.1/32
- 192.168.1.7
```
```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
# Accepts request from defined IP
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
```
```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
# Accepts request from defined IP
http:
middlewares:
test-ipallowlist:
ipAllowList:
sourceRange:
- "127.0.0.1/32"
- "192.168.1.7"
```
```toml tab="File (TOML)"
# Accepts request from defined IP
[http.middlewares]
[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList]
sourceRange = ["127.0.0.1/32", "192.168.1.7"]
```
## Configuration Options
### `sourceRange`
The `sourceRange` option sets the allowed IPs (or ranges of allowed IPs by using CIDR notation).
### `ipStrategy`
The `ipStrategy` option defines two parameters that set how Traefik determines the client IP: `depth`, and `excludedIPs`.
If no strategy is set, the default behavior is to match `sourceRange` against the Remote address found in the request.
!!! important "As a middleware, whitelisting happens before the actual proxying to the backend takes place. In addition, the previous network hop only gets appended to `X-Forwarded-For` during the last stages of proxying, i.e. after it has already passed through whitelisting. Therefore, during whitelisting, as the previous network hop is not yet present in `X-Forwarded-For`, it cannot be matched against `sourceRange`."
#### `ipStrategy.depth`
The `depth` option tells Traefik to use the `X-Forwarded-For` header and take the IP located at the `depth` position (starting from the right).
- If `depth` is greater than the total number of IPs in `X-Forwarded-For`, then the client IP will be empty.
- `depth` is ignored if its value is less than or equal to 0.
!!! example "Examples of Depth & X-Forwarded-For"
If `depth` is set to 2, and the request `X-Forwarded-For` header is `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` then the "real" client IP is `"10.0.0.1"` (at depth 4) but the IP used is `"12.0.0.1"` (`depth=2`).
| `X-Forwarded-For` | `depth` | clientIP |
|-----------------------------------------|---------|--------------|
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `1` | `"13.0.0.1"` |
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `3` | `"11.0.0.1"` |
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `5` | `""` |
```yaml tab="Docker & Swarm"
# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
labels:
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.depth=2"
```
```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
kind: Middleware
metadata:
name: test-ipallowlist
spec:
ipAllowList:
sourceRange:
- 127.0.0.1/32
- 192.168.1.7
ipStrategy:
depth: 2
```
```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.depth=2"
```
```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
http:
middlewares:
test-ipallowlist:
ipAllowList:
sourceRange:
- "127.0.0.1/32"
- "192.168.1.7"
ipStrategy:
depth: 2
```
```toml tab="File (TOML)"
# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
[http.middlewares]
[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList]
sourceRange = ["127.0.0.1/32", "192.168.1.7"]
[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList.ipStrategy]
depth = 2
```
#### `ipStrategy.excludedIPs`
`excludedIPs` configures Traefik to scan the `X-Forwarded-For` header and select the first IP not in the list.
!!! important "If `depth` is specified, `excludedIPs` is ignored."
!!! example "Example of ExcludedIPs & X-Forwarded-For"
| `X-Forwarded-For` | `excludedIPs` | clientIP |
|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------|--------------|
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"11.0.0.1"` |
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"15.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"12.0.0.1"` |
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"10.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"12.0.0.1"` |
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"15.0.0.1,16.0.0.1"` | `"13.0.0.1"` |
| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1"` | `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1"` | `""` |
```yaml tab="Docker & Swarm"
# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
labels:
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.excludedips=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
```
```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
kind: Middleware
metadata:
name: test-ipallowlist
spec:
ipAllowList:
ipStrategy:
excludedIPs:
- 127.0.0.1/32
- 192.168.1.7
```
```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.excludedips=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
```
```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
http:
middlewares:
test-ipallowlist:
ipAllowList:
ipStrategy:
excludedIPs:
- "127.0.0.1/32"
- "192.168.1.7"
```
```toml tab="File (TOML)"
# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
[http.middlewares]
[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList]
[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList.ipStrategy]
excludedIPs = ["127.0.0.1/32", "192.168.1.7"]
```