traefik/docs/configuration/commons.md

Global Configuration

Main Section

# Enable debug mode.
# This will install HTTP handlers to expose Go expvars under /debug/vars and
# pprof profiling data under /debug/pprof/.
# The log level will be set to DEBUG unless `logLevel` is specified.
#
# Optional
# Default: false
#
# debug = true

# Periodically check if a new version has been released.
#
# Optional
# Default: true
#
# checkNewVersion = false

# Tells traefik whether it should keep the trailing slashes in the paths (e.g. /paths/) or redirect to the no trailing slash paths instead (/paths).
#
# Optional
# Default: false
#
# keepTrailingSlash = false

# Providers throttle duration.
#
# Optional
# Default: "2s"
#
# providersThrottleDuration = "2s"

# Controls the maximum idle (keep-alive) connections to keep per-host.
#
# Optional
# Default: 200
#
# maxIdleConnsPerHost = 200

# If set to true invalid SSL certificates are accepted for backends.
# This disables detection of man-in-the-middle attacks so should only be used on secure backend networks.
#
# Optional
# Default: false
#
# insecureSkipVerify = true

# Register Certificates in the rootCA.
#
# Optional
# Default: []
#
# rootCAs = [ "/mycert.cert" ]

# Entrypoints to be used by frontends that do not specify any entrypoint.
# Each frontend can specify its own entrypoints.
#
# Optional
# Default: ["http"]
#
# defaultEntryPoints = ["http", "https"]

• providersThrottleDuration: Providers throttle duration: minimum duration in seconds between 2 events from providers before applying a new configuration. It avoids unnecessary reloads if multiples events are sent in a short amount of time.
  Can be provided in a format supported by time.ParseDuration or as raw values (digits). If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.

• maxIdleConnsPerHost: Controls the maximum idle (keep-alive) connections to keep per-host.
  If zero, DefaultMaxIdleConnsPerHost from the Go standard library net/http module is used. If you encounter 'too many open files' errors, you can either increase this value or change the ulimit.

• insecureSkipVerify : If set to true invalid SSL certificates are accepted for backends.
  Note: This disables detection of man-in-the-middle attacks so should only be used on secure backend networks.

• rootCAs: Register Certificates in the RootCA. This certificates will be use for backends calls.
  Note You can use file path or cert content directly

• defaultEntryPoints: Entrypoints to be used by frontends that do not specify any entrypoint.
  Each frontend can specify its own entrypoints.

• keepTrailingSlash: Tells Traefik whether it should keep the trailing slashes that might be present in the paths of incoming requests (true), or if it should redirect to the slashless version of the URL (default behavior: false)

!!! note Beware that the value of keepTrailingSlash can have a significant impact on the way your frontend rules are interpreted. The table below tries to sum up several behaviors depending on requests/configurations. The current default behavior is deprecated and kept for compatibility reasons. As a consequence, we encourage you to set keepTrailingSlash to true.

| Incoming request     | keepTrailingSlash | Path:{value} | Behavior                              
|----------------------|-------------------|--------------|----------------------------|
| http://foo.com/path/ | false             | Path:/path/  | Proceeds with the request  |
| http://foo.com/path/ | false             | Path:/path   | 301 to http://foo.com/path |           
| http://foo.com/path  | false             | Path:/path/  | Proceeds with the request  |
| http://foo.com/path  | false             | Path:/path   | Proceeds with the request  |
| http://foo.com/path/ | true              | Path:/path/  | Proceeds with the request  |
| http://foo.com/path/ | true              | Path:/path   | 404                        |
| http://foo.com/path  | true              | Path:/path/  | 404                        |
| http://foo.com/path  | true              | Path:/path   | Proceeds with the request  |

Constraints

In a micro-service architecture, with a central service discovery, setting constraints limits Traefik scope to a smaller number of routes.

Traefik filters services according to service attributes/tags set in your providers.

Supported filters:

• tag

Simple

# Simple matching constraint
constraints = ["tag==api"]

# Simple mismatching constraint
constraints = ["tag!=api"]

# Globbing
constraints = ["tag==us-*"]

Multiple

# Multiple constraints
#   - "tag==" must match with at least one tag
#   - "tag!=" must match with none of tags
constraints = ["tag!=us-*", "tag!=asia-*"]

provider-specific

Supported Providers:

• Docker
• Consul K/V
• BoltDB
• Zookeeper
• ECS
• Etcd
• Consul Catalog
• Rancher
• Marathon
• Kubernetes (using a provider-specific mechanism based on label selectors)

# Provider-specific constraint
[consulCatalog]
# ...
constraints = ["tag==api"]

# Provider-specific constraint
[marathon]
# ...
constraints = ["tag==api", "tag!=v*-beta"]

Custom Error pages

Custom error pages can be returned, in lieu of the default, according to frontend-configured ranges of HTTP Status codes.

In the example below, if a 503 status is returned from the frontend "website", the custom error page at http://2.3.4.5/503.html is returned with the actual status code set in the HTTP header.

!!! note The 503.html page itself is not hosted on Traefik, but some other infrastructure.

[frontends]
  [frontends.website]
  backend = "website"
  [frontends.website.errors]
    [frontends.website.errors.network]
    status = ["500-599"]
    backend = "error"
    query = "/{status}.html"
  [frontends.website.routes.website]
  rule = "Host: website.mydomain.com"

[backends]
  [backends.website]
    [backends.website.servers.website]
    url = "https://1.2.3.4"
  [backends.error]
    [backends.error.servers.error]
    url = "http://2.3.4.5"

In the above example, the error page rendered was based on the status code. Instead, the query parameter can also be set to some generic error page like so: query = "/500s.html"

Now the 500s.html error page is returned for the configured code range. The configured status code ranges are inclusive; that is, in the above example, the 500s.html page will be returned for status codes 500 through, and including, 599.

Rate limiting

Rate limiting can be configured per frontend.
Multiple sets of rates can be added to each frontend, but the time periods must be unique.

[frontends]
    [frontends.frontend1]
      # ...
      [frontends.frontend1.ratelimit]
        extractorfunc = "client.ip"
          [frontends.frontend1.ratelimit.rateset.rateset1]
            period = "10s"
            average = 100
            burst = 200
          [frontends.frontend1.ratelimit.rateset.rateset2]
            period = "3s"
            average = 5
            burst = 10

In the above example, frontend1 is configured to limit requests by the client's ip address.
An average of 5 requests every 3 seconds is allowed and an average of 100 requests every 10 seconds.
These can "burst" up to 10 and 200 in each period respectively.

Buffering

In some cases request/buffering can be enabled for a specific backend. By enabling this, Traefik will read the entire request into memory (possibly buffering large requests into disk) and will reject requests that are over a specified limit. This may help services deal with large data (multipart/form-data for example) more efficiently and should minimise time spent when sending data to a backend server.

For more information please check oxy/buffer documentation.

Example configuration:

[backends]
  [backends.backend1]
    [backends.backend1.buffering]
      maxRequestBodyBytes = 10485760  
      memRequestBodyBytes = 2097152  
      maxResponseBodyBytes = 10485760
      memResponseBodyBytes = 2097152
      retryExpression = "IsNetworkError() && Attempts() <= 2"

Retry Configuration

# Enable retry sending request if network error
[retry]

# Number of attempts
#
# Optional
# Default: (number servers in backend) -1
#
# attempts = 3

Health Check Configuration

# Enable custom health check options.
[healthcheck]

# Set the default health check interval and timeout.
#
# Optional
# Default: "30s"
#
# interval = "30s"
# timeout = "5s"

• interval sets the default health check interval.
• timeout sets the default health check request timeout.

These options will only be effective if health check paths are defined. Given provider-specific support, the value may be overridden on a per-backend basis. Can be provided in a format supported by time.ParseDuration or as raw values (digits). If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds. Note: the interval must be greater than the timeout. If configuration doesn't reflect this, the interval will be set to timeout + 1 second.

Life Cycle

Controls the behavior of Traefik during the shutdown phase.

[lifeCycle]

# Duration to keep accepting requests prior to initiating the graceful
# termination period (as defined by the `graceTimeOut` option). This
# option is meant to give downstream load-balancers sufficient time to
# take Traefik out of rotation.
# Can be provided in a format supported by [time.ParseDuration](https://golang.org/pkg/time/#ParseDuration) or as raw values (digits).
# If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.
# The zero duration disables the request accepting grace period, i.e.,
# Traefik will immediately proceed to the grace period.
#
# Optional
# Default: 0
#
# requestAcceptGraceTimeout = "10s"

# Duration to give active requests a chance to finish before Traefik stops.
# Can be provided in a format supported by [time.ParseDuration](https://golang.org/pkg/time/#ParseDuration) or as raw values (digits).
# If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.
# Note: in this time frame no new requests are accepted.
#
# Optional
# Default: "10s"
#
# graceTimeOut = "10s"

Timeouts

Responding Timeouts

respondingTimeouts are timeouts for incoming requests to the Traefik instance.

[respondingTimeouts]

# readTimeout is the maximum duration for reading the entire request, including the body.
#
# Optional
# Default: "0s"
#
# readTimeout = "5s"

# writeTimeout is the maximum duration before timing out writes of the response.
#
# Optional
# Default: "0s"
#
# writeTimeout = "5s"

# idleTimeout is the maximum duration an idle (keep-alive) connection will remain idle before closing itself.
#
# Optional
# Default: "180s"
#
# idleTimeout = "360s"

• readTimeout is the maximum duration for reading the entire request, including the body.
  If zero, no timeout exists.
  Can be provided in a format supported by time.ParseDuration or as raw values (digits). If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.

• writeTimeout is the maximum duration before timing out writes of the response.
  It covers the time from the end of the request header read to the end of the response write. If zero, no timeout exists.
  Can be provided in a format supported by time.ParseDuration or as raw values (digits). If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.

• idleTimeout is the maximum duration an idle (keep-alive) connection will remain idle before closing itself.
  If zero, no timeout exists.
  Can be provided in a format supported by time.ParseDuration or as raw values (digits). If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.

Forwarding Timeouts

forwardingTimeouts are timeouts for requests forwarded to the backend servers.

[forwardingTimeouts]

# dialTimeout is the amount of time to wait until a connection to a backend server can be established.
#
# Optional
# Default: "30s"
#
# dialTimeout = "30s"

# responseHeaderTimeout is the amount of time to wait for a server's response headers after fully writing the request (including its body, if any).
#
# Optional
# Default: "0s"
#
# responseHeaderTimeout = "0s"

• dialTimeout is the amount of time to wait until a connection to a backend server can be established.
  If zero, no timeout exists.
  Can be provided in a format supported by time.ParseDuration or as raw values (digits). If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.

• responseHeaderTimeout is the amount of time to wait for a server's response headers after fully writing the request (including its body, if any).
  If zero, no timeout exists.
  Can be provided in a format supported by time.ParseDuration or as raw values (digits). If no units are provided, the value is parsed assuming seconds.

Host Resolver

hostResolver are used for request host matching process.

[hostResolver]

# cnameFlattening is a trigger to flatten request host, assuming it is a CNAME record
#
# Optional
# Default : false
#
cnameFlattening = true

# resolvConf is dns resolving configuration file, the default is /etc/resolv.conf
#
# Optional
# Default : "/etc/resolv.conf"
#
# resolvConf = "/etc/resolv.conf"

# resolvDepth is the maximum CNAME recursive lookup
#
# Optional
# Default : 5
#
# resolvDepth = 5

• To allow serving secure https request and generate the SSL using ACME while cnameFlattening is active. The acme configuration for HTTP-01 challenge and onDemand is mandatory. Refer to ACME configuration for more information.

Override Default Configuration Template

!!! warning For advanced users only.

Supported by all providers except: File Provider, Rest Provider and DynamoDB Provider.

[provider_name]

# Override default provider configuration template. For advanced users :)
#
# Optional
# Default: ""
#
filename = "custom_config_template.tpml"

# Enable debug logging of generated configuration template.
#
# Optional
# Default: false
#
debugLogGeneratedTemplate = true

Example:

[marathon]
filename = "my_custom_config_template.tpml"

The template files can be written using functions provided by:

• go template
• sprig library

Example:

[backends]
  [backends.backend1]
  url = "http://firstserver"
  [backends.backend2]
  url = "http://secondserver"

{{$frontends := dict "frontend1" "backend1" "frontend2" "backend2"}}
[frontends]
{{range $frontend, $backend := $frontends}}
  [frontends.{{$frontend}}]
  backend = "{{$backend}}"
{{end}}