# File Backends Træfik can be configured with a file. ## Reference ```toml [file] # Backends [backends] [backends.backend1] [backends.backend1.servers] [backends.backend1.servers.server0] url = "http://10.10.10.1:80" weight = 1 [backends.backend1.servers.server1] url = "http://10.10.10.2:80" weight = 2 # ... [backends.backend1.circuitBreaker] expression = "NetworkErrorRatio() > 0.5" [backends.backend1.loadBalancer] method = "drr" [backends.backend1.loadBalancer.stickiness] cookieName = "foobar" [backends.backend1.maxConn] amount = 10 extractorfunc = "request.host" [backends.backend1.healthCheck] path = "/health" port = 88 interval = "30s" [backends.backend2] # ... # Frontends [frontends] [frontends.frontend1] entryPoints = ["http", "https"] backend = "backend1" passHostHeader = true passTLSCert = true priority = 42 basicAuth = [ "test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/", "test2:$apr1$d9hr9HBB$4HxwgUir3HP4EsggP/QNo0", ] [frontends.frontend1.whiteList] sourceRange = ["10.42.0.0/16", "152.89.1.33/32", "afed:be44::/16"] useXForwardedFor = true [frontends.frontend1.routes] [frontends.frontend1.routes.route0] rule = "Host:test.localhost" [frontends.frontend1.routes.Route1] rule = "Method:GET" # ... [frontends.frontend1.headers] allowedHosts = ["foobar", "foobar"] hostsProxyHeaders = ["foobar", "foobar"] SSLRedirect = true SSLTemporaryRedirect = true SSLHost = "foobar" STSSeconds = 42 STSIncludeSubdomains = true STSPreload = true forceSTSHeader = true frameDeny = true customFrameOptionsValue = "foobar" contentTypeNosniff = true browserXSSFilter = true contentSecurityPolicy = "foobar" publicKey = "foobar" referrerPolicy = "foobar" isDevelopment = true [frontends.frontend1.headers.customRequestHeaders] X-Foo-Bar-01 = "foobar" X-Foo-Bar-02 = "foobar" # ... [frontends.frontend1.headers.customResponseHeaders] X-Foo-Bar-03 = "foobar" X-Foo-Bar-04 = "foobar" # ... [frontends.frontend1.headers.SSLProxyHeaders] X-Foo-Bar-05 = "foobar" X-Foo-Bar-06 = "foobar" # ... [frontends.frontend1.errors] [frontends.frontend1.errors.errorPage0] status = ["500-599"] backend = "error" query = "/{status}.html" [frontends.frontend1.errors.errorPage1] status = ["404", "403"] backend = "error" query = "/{status}.html" # ... [frontends.frontend1.ratelimit] extractorfunc = "client.ip" [frontends.frontend1.ratelimit.rateset.rateset1] period = "10s" average = 100 burst = 200 [frontends.frontend1.ratelimit.rateset.rateset2] period = "3s" average = 5 burst = 10 # ... [frontends.frontend1.redirect] entryPoint = "https" regex = "^http://localhost/(.*)" replacement = "http://mydomain/$1" permanent = true [frontends.frontend2] # ... # HTTPS certificates [[tls]] entryPoints = ["https"] [tls.certificate] certFile = "path/to/my.cert" keyFile = "path/to/my.key" [[tls]] # ... ``` ## Configuration Mode You have two choices: - [Rules in Træfik configuration file](/configuration/backends/file/#rules-in-trfik-configuration-file) - [Rules in dedicated files](/configuration/backends/file/#rules-in-dedicated-files) To enable the file backend, you must either pass the `--file` option to the Træfik binary or put the `[file]` section (with or without inner settings) in the configuration file. The configuration file allows managing both backends/frontends and HTTPS certificates (which are not [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org) certificates generated through Træfik). TOML templating can be used if rules are not defined in the Træfik configuration file. ### Rules in Træfik Configuration File Add your configuration at the end of the global configuration file `traefik.toml`: ```toml defaultEntryPoints = ["http", "https"] [entryPoints] [entryPoints.http] # ... [entryPoints.https] # ... [file] # rules [backends] [backends.backend1] # ... [backends.backend2] # ... [frontends] [frontends.frontend1] # ... [frontends.frontend2] # ... [frontends.frontend3] # ... # HTTPS certificate [[tls]] # ... [[tls]] # ... ``` !!! note If `tls.entryPoints` is not defined, the certificate is attached to all the `defaultEntryPoints` with a TLS configuration. !!! note Adding certificates directly to the entryPoint is still maintained but certificates declared in this way cannot be managed dynamically. It's recommended to use the file provider to declare certificates. !!! warning TOML templating cannot be used if rules are defined in the Træfik configuration file. ### Rules in Dedicated Files Træfik allows defining rules in one or more separate files. #### One Separate File You have to specify the file path in the `file.filename` option. ```toml # traefik.toml defaultEntryPoints = ["http", "https"] [entryPoints] [entryPoints.http] # ... [entryPoints.https] # ... [file] filename = "rules.toml" watch = true ``` The option `file.watch` allows Træfik to watch file changes automatically. #### Multiple Separated Files You could have multiple `.toml` files in a directory (and recursively in its sub-directories): ```toml [file] directory = "/path/to/config/" watch = true ``` The option `file.watch` allows Træfik to watch file changes automatically. #### Separate Files Content If you are defining rules in one or more separate files, you can use two formats. ##### Simple Format Backends, Frontends and TLS certificates are defined one at time, as described in the file `rules.toml`: ```toml # rules.toml [backends] [backends.backend1] # ... [backends.backend2] # ... [frontends] [frontends.frontend1] # ... [frontends.frontend2] # ... [frontends.frontend3] # ... # HTTPS certificate [[tls]] # ... [[tls]] # ... ``` ##### TOML Templating !!! warning TOML templating can only be used **if rules are defined in one or more separate files**. Templating will not work in the Træfik configuration file. Træfik allows using TOML templating. Thus, it's possible to define easily lot of Backends, Frontends and TLS certificates as described in the file `template-rules.toml` : ```toml # template-rules.toml [backends] {{ range $i, $e := until 100 }} [backends.backend{{ $e }}] #... {{ end }} [frontends] {{ range $i, $e := until 100 }} [frontends.frontend{{ $e }}] #... {{ end }} # HTTPS certificate {{ range $i, $e := until 100 }} [[tls]] #... {{ end }} ```