traefik/docs/configuration/backends/kubernetes.md

# Kubernetes Ingress Backend

Træfik can be configured to use Kubernetes Ingress as a backend configuration.

See also [Kubernetes user guide](/user-guide/kubernetes). 


## Configuration

```toml
################################################################
# Kubernetes Ingress configuration backend
################################################################

# Enable Kubernetes Ingress configuration backend.
[kubernetes]

# Kubernetes server endpoint.
#
# Optional for in-cluster configuration, required otherwise.
# Default: empty
#
# endpoint = "http://localhost:8080"

# Bearer token used for the Kubernetes client configuration.
#
# Optional
# Default: empty
#
# token = "my token"

# Path to the certificate authority file.
# Used for the Kubernetes client configuration.
#
# Optional
# Default: empty
#
# certAuthFilePath = "/my/ca.crt"

# Array of namespaces to watch.
#
# Optional
# Default: all namespaces (empty array).
#
# namespaces = ["default", "production"]

# Ingress label selector to identify Ingress objects that should be processed.
#
# Optional
# Default: empty (process all Ingresses)
#
# labelselector = "A and not B"

# Disable PassHost Headers.
#
# Optional
# Default: false
#
# disablePassHostHeaders = true
```

### `endpoint`

The Kubernetes server endpoint.

When deployed as a replication controller in Kubernetes, Traefik will use the environment variables `KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST` and `KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT` to construct the endpoint.

Secure token will be found in `/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token` and SSL CA cert in `/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt`

The endpoint may be given to override the environment variable values.

When the environment variables are not found, Traefik will try to connect to the Kubernetes API server with an external-cluster client.
In this case, the endpoint is required.
Specifically, it may be set to the URL used by `kubectl proxy` to connect to a Kubernetes cluster from localhost.

### `labelselector`

Ingress label selector to identify Ingress objects that should be processed.

See [label-selectors](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/#label-selectors) for details.


## Annotations

Annotations can be used on containers to override default behaviour for the whole Ingress resource:

- `traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip`  
    Override the default frontend rule type. Default: `PathPrefix`.
- `traefik.frontend.priority: 3`  
    Override the default frontend rule priority.

Annotations can be used on the Kubernetes service to override default behaviour:

- `traefik.backend.loadbalancer.method=drr`  
    Override the default `wrr` load balancer algorithm
- `traefik.backend.loadbalancer.sticky=true`      
    Enable backend sticky sessions

You can find here an example [ingress](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containous/traefik/master/examples/k8s/cheese-ingress.yaml) and [replication controller](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containous/traefik/master/examples/k8s/traefik.yaml).

Additionally, an annotation can be used on Kubernetes services to set the [circuit breaker expression](/basics/#backends) for a backend.

- `traefik.backend.circuitbreaker: <expression>`  
    Set the circuit breaker expression for the backend. Default: `nil`.

As known from nginx when used as Kubernetes Ingress Controller, a list of IP-Ranges which are allowed to access can be configured by using an ingress annotation:

- `ingress.kubernetes.io/whitelist-source-range: "1.2.3.0/24, fe80::/16"`

An unset or empty list allows all Source-IPs to access.
If one of the Net-Specifications are invalid, the whole list is invalid and allows all Source-IPs to access.


### Authentication

Is possible to add additional authentication annotations in the Ingress rule.
The source of the authentication is a secret that contains usernames and passwords inside the the key auth.

- `ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-type`: `basic`
- `ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-secret`  
    Contains the usernames and passwords with access to the paths defined in the Ingress Rule.

The secret must be created in the same namespace as the Ingress rule.

Limitations:

- Basic authentication only.
- Realm not configurable; only `traefik` default.
- Secret must contain only single file.