diff --git a/cmd/cmd.go b/cmd/cmd.go
index f79f8b97..5d919d9a 100644
--- a/cmd/cmd.go
+++ b/cmd/cmd.go
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ func tempZipFiles(path string) (string, error) {
 		// pytorch files might also be unresolved git lfs references; skip if they are
 		// covers pytorch_model-x-of-y.bin, pytorch_model.fp32-x-of-y.bin, pytorch_model.bin
 		files = append(files, pt...)
-	} else if pt, _ := glob(filepath.Join(path, "consolidated*.pth"), "application/octet-stream"); len(pt) > 0 {
+	} else if pt, _ := glob(filepath.Join(path, "consolidated*.pth"), "application/zip"); len(pt) > 0 {
 		// pytorch files might also be unresolved git lfs references; skip if they are
 		// covers consolidated.x.pth, consolidated.pth
 		files = append(files, pt...)
diff --git a/convert/convert.go b/convert/convert.go
index f4210e50..e71a0ff3 100644
--- a/convert/convert.go
+++ b/convert/convert.go
@@ -18,6 +18,16 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
 )
 
+const (
+	_ int32 = iota
+	tokenTypeNormal
+	tokenTypeUnknown
+	tokenTypeControl
+	tokenTypeUserDefined
+	tokenTypeUnused
+	tokenTypeByte
+)
+
 type Params struct {
 	Architectures     []string `json:"architectures"`
 	VocabSize         int      `json:"vocab_size"`
@@ -37,6 +47,8 @@ type Params struct {
 	Experts     int `json:"num_local_experts"`
 	ExpertsUsed int `json:"num_experts_per_tok"`
 
+	PreTokenizer string
+
 	ByteOrder
 }
 
@@ -74,10 +86,9 @@ func GetModelFormat(dirname string) (ModelFormat, error) {
 	}
 
 	for _, fn := range files {
-		slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("file = %s", fn))
 		if strings.HasSuffix(fn, ".safetensors") {
 			return &SafetensorFormat{}, nil
-		} else if strings.HasSuffix(fn, ".bin") {
+		} else if strings.HasSuffix(fn, ".bin") || strings.HasSuffix(fn, ".pth") {
 			slog.Debug("model is torch")
 			return &TorchFormat{}, nil
 		}
@@ -92,6 +103,7 @@ type Vocab struct {
 	Tokens []string
 	Scores []float32
 	Types  []int32
+	Merges []string
 }
 
 func LoadSentencePieceTokens(dirpath string, params *Params) (*Vocab, error) {
@@ -170,7 +182,7 @@ func LoadSentencePieceTokens(dirpath string, params *Params) (*Vocab, error) {
 		}
 		v.Tokens = append(v.Tokens, t.key)
 		v.Scores = append(v.Scores, -1000.0)
-		v.Types = append(v.Types, int32(llm.GGUFTokenUserDefined))
+		v.Types = append(v.Types, tokenTypeUserDefined)
 	}
 	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("vocab size w/ extra tokens: %d", len(v.Tokens)))
 
@@ -180,7 +192,7 @@ func LoadSentencePieceTokens(dirpath string, params *Params) (*Vocab, error) {
 		for cnt := 0; cnt < missingTokens; cnt++ {
 			v.Tokens = append(v.Tokens, fmt.Sprintf("<dummy%05d>", cnt+1))
 			v.Scores = append(v.Scores, -1)
-			v.Types = append(v.Types, int32(llm.GGUFTokenUserDefined))
+			v.Types = append(v.Types, tokenTypeUserDefined)
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/convert/convert_test.go b/convert/convert_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6aa33a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/convert/convert_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+//go:build slow
+
+package convert
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
+)
+
+func convertFull(t *testing.T, p string) (llm.KV, llm.Tensors) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	mf, err := GetModelFormat(p)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	params, err := mf.GetParams(p)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	arch, err := mf.GetModelArch("", p, params)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := arch.LoadVocab(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := arch.GetTensors(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.CreateTemp(t.TempDir(), "f16")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	if err := arch.WriteGGUF(f); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	r, err := os.Open(f.Name())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+
+	m, _, err := llm.DecodeGGML(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	return m.KV(), m.Tensors()
+}
+
+func TestConvertFull(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		path    string
+		arch    string
+		tensors int
+		layers  int
+	}{
+		{"Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct", "llama", 291, 35},
+		{"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.2", "llama", 291, 35},
+		{"Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1", "llama", 291, 35},
+		{"gemma-2b-it", "gemma", 164, 20},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range cases {
+		t.Run(tt.path, func(t *testing.T) {
+			p := filepath.Join("testdata", tt.path)
+			if _, err := os.Stat(p); err != nil {
+				t.Skipf("%s not found", p)
+			}
+
+			kv, tensors := convertFull(t, p)
+
+			if kv.Architecture() != tt.arch {
+				t.Fatalf("expected llama, got %s", kv.Architecture())
+			}
+
+			if kv.FileType().String() != "F16" {
+				t.Fatalf("expected F16, got %s", kv.FileType())
+			}
+
+			if len(tensors) != tt.tensors {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %d tensors, got %d", tt.tensors, len(tensors))
+			}
+
+			layers := tensors.Layers()
+			if len(layers) != tt.layers {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %d layers, got %d", tt.layers, len(layers))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/convert/gemma.go b/convert/gemma.go
index 88abe646..9dc406e0 100644
--- a/convert/gemma.go
+++ b/convert/gemma.go
@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
 package convert
 
 import (
-	"encoding/binary"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"log/slog"
-	"os"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16"
 	"github.com/pdevine/tensor"
 	"github.com/pdevine/tensor/native"
 
@@ -19,49 +16,27 @@ type GemmaModel struct {
 	ModelData
 }
 
-func gemmaLayerHandler(w io.Writer, r safetensorWriterTo, f *os.File) error {
-	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("converting '%s'", r.t.Name))
-
-	data := make([]byte, r.end-r.start)
-	if err := binary.Read(f, r.bo, data); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	tDataF32 := bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(data)
-
-	var err error
-	tDataF32, err = addOnes(tDataF32, int(r.t.Shape[0]))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := binary.Write(w, r.bo, tDataF32); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 func addOnes(data []float32, vectorSize int) ([]float32, error) {
 	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(vectorSize), tensor.WithBacking(data))
 	ones := tensor.Ones(tensor.Float32, vectorSize)
 
-	var err error
-	n, err = n.Add(ones)
+	n, err := n.Add(ones)
 	if err != nil {
-		return []float32{}, err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	newN, err := native.SelectF32(n, 0)
+	ts, err := native.SelectF32(n, 0)
 	if err != nil {
-		return []float32{}, err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	var fullTensor []float32
-	for _, v := range newN {
-		fullTensor = append(fullTensor, v...)
+	var f32s []float32
+	for _, t := range ts {
+		f32s = append(f32s, t...)
 	}
 
-	return fullTensor, nil
+
+	return f32s, nil
 }
 
 func (m *GemmaModel) GetTensors() error {
@@ -71,12 +46,10 @@ func (m *GemmaModel) GetTensors() error {
 	}
 
 	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("Total tensors: %d", len(t)))
-
-	m.Tensors = []llm.Tensor{}
 	for _, l := range t {
 		if strings.HasSuffix(l.Name, "norm.weight") {
 			wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
-			wt.handler = gemmaLayerHandler
+			wt.repacker = m.Repack
 			l.WriterTo = wt
 		}
 		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
@@ -94,6 +67,10 @@ func (m *GemmaModel) LoadVocab() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (m *GemmaModel) Repack(_ string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+	return addOnes(data, int(shape[0]))
+}
+
 func (m *GemmaModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
 	kv := llm.KV{
 		"general.architecture":                   "gemma",
diff --git a/convert/llama.go b/convert/llama.go
index fb576e2e..7853c4cf 100644
--- a/convert/llama.go
+++ b/convert/llama.go
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 package convert
 
 import (
-	"encoding/binary"
+	"cmp"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle/pytorch"
 	"github.com/pdevine/tensor"
 	"github.com/pdevine/tensor/native"
-	"github.com/x448/float16"
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
 )
@@ -20,81 +20,12 @@ type LlamaModel struct {
 	ModelData
 }
 
-func llamaLayerHandler(w io.Writer, r torchWriterTo) error {
-	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("repacking layer '%s'", r.t.Name))
-
-	data := r.storage.(*pytorch.HalfStorage).Data
-	tData := make([]uint16, len(data))
-	for cnt, v := range data {
-		tData[cnt] = uint16(float16.Fromfloat32(v))
-	}
-
-	var err error
-	var heads uint32
-	if strings.Contains(r.t.Name, "attn_q") {
-		heads = uint32(r.params.AttentionHeads)
-	} else if strings.Contains(r.t.Name, "attn_k") {
-		heads = uint32(r.params.KeyValHeads)
-		if heads == 0 {
-			heads = uint32(r.params.AttentionHeads)
-		}
-	} else {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unknown layer type")
-	}
-
-	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("heads = %d", heads))
-
-	tData, err = llamaRepack(tData, int(heads), r.t.Shape)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err = binary.Write(w, r.bo, tData); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func llamaRepack(data []uint16, heads int, shape []uint64) ([]uint16, error) {
-	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(int(shape[0]), int(shape[1])), tensor.WithBacking(data))
-	origShape := n.Shape().Clone()
-
-	// reshape the tensor and swap axes 1 and 2 to unpack the layer for gguf
-	if err := n.Reshape(heads, 2, origShape[0]/heads/2, origShape[1]); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.T(0, 2, 1, 3); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.Reshape(origShape...); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.Transpose(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	newN, err := native.SelectU16(n, 1)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var fullTensor []uint16
-	for _, v := range newN {
-		fullTensor = append(fullTensor, v...)
-	}
-	return fullTensor, nil
-}
-
 func (m *LlamaModel) GetTensors() error {
 	t, err := m.Format.GetTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	m.Tensors = []llm.Tensor{}
-
 	pattern := `^blk\.[0-9]+\.attn_(?P<layer>q|k)\.weight$`
 	re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -104,10 +35,16 @@ func (m *LlamaModel) GetTensors() error {
 	for _, l := range t {
 		matches := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(l.Name, -1)
 		if len(matches) > 0 {
-			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("setting handler for: %s", l.Name))
-			wt := l.WriterTo.(torchWriterTo)
-			wt.handler = llamaLayerHandler
-			l.WriterTo = wt
+			switch m.Format.(type) {
+			case *TorchFormat:
+				wt := l.WriterTo.(torchWriterTo)
+				wt.repacker = m.Repack
+				l.WriterTo = wt
+			case *SafetensorFormat:
+				wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
+				wt.repacker = m.Repack
+				l.WriterTo = wt
+			}
 		}
 		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
 	}
@@ -115,19 +52,22 @@ func (m *LlamaModel) GetTensors() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m *LlamaModel) LoadVocab() error {
-	var v *Vocab
-	var err error
-
-	slog.Debug("loading vocab")
-	v, err = LoadSentencePieceTokens(m.Path, m.Params)
-	if err != nil {
+func (m *LlamaModel) LoadVocab() (err error) {
+	pre, ts, merges, err := parseTokens(filepath.Join(m.Path, "tokenizer.json"))
+	if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return nil
+	} else if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	slog.Debug("vocab loaded")
+	m.Vocab = &Vocab{}
+	for _, t := range ts {
+		m.Vocab.Tokens = append(m.Vocab.Tokens, t.Content)
+		m.Vocab.Types = append(m.Vocab.Types, t.Type())
+	}
 
-	m.Vocab = v
+	m.Vocab.Merges = merges
+	m.Params.PreTokenizer = pre
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -140,23 +80,79 @@ func (m *LlamaModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
 		"llama.embedding_length":                 uint32(m.Params.HiddenSize),
 		"llama.block_count":                      uint32(m.Params.HiddenLayers),
 		"llama.feed_forward_length":              uint32(m.Params.IntermediateSize),
+		"llama.rope.freq_base":                   float32(m.Params.RopeFrequencyBase),
 		"llama.rope.dimension_count":             uint32(m.Params.HiddenSize / m.Params.AttentionHeads),
 		"llama.attention.head_count":             uint32(m.Params.AttentionHeads),
 		"llama.attention.head_count_kv":          uint32(m.Params.KeyValHeads),
 		"llama.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon": float32(m.Params.NormEPS),
 		"general.file_type":                      uint32(1),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.model":                   "llama",
+		"tokenizer.ggml.model":                   "gpt2",
 
+		"tokenizer.ggml.pre":        m.Params.PreTokenizer,
 		"tokenizer.ggml.tokens":     m.Vocab.Tokens,
-		"tokenizer.ggml.scores":     m.Vocab.Scores,
 		"tokenizer.ggml.token_type": m.Vocab.Types,
 
 		"tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id":     uint32(m.Params.BoSTokenID),
 		"tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id":     uint32(m.Params.EoSTokenID),
 		"tokenizer.ggml.unknown_token_id": uint32(0),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token":    true,
-		"tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token":    false,
+	}
+
+	if len(m.Vocab.Merges) > 0 {
+		kv["tokenizer.ggml.merges"] = m.Vocab.Merges
+	} else {
+		kv["tokenizer.ggml.scores"] = m.Vocab.Scores
 	}
 
 	return llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder).Encode(ws, kv, m.Tensors)
 }
+
+func (m *LlamaModel) Repack(name string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+	return llamaRepack(name, m.Params, data, shape)
+}
+
+func llamaRepack(name string, params *Params, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+	var dims []int
+	for _, dim := range shape {
+		if dim != 0 {
+			dims = append(dims, int(dim))
+		}
+	}
+
+	var heads int
+	if strings.HasSuffix(name, "attn_q.weight") {
+		heads = params.AttentionHeads
+	} else if strings.HasSuffix(name, "attn_k.weight") {
+		heads = cmp.Or(params.KeyValHeads, params.AttentionHeads)
+	} else {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown tensor name: %s", name)
+	}
+
+	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(dims...), tensor.WithBacking(data))
+	if err := n.Reshape(append([]int{heads, 2, dims[0] / heads / 2}, dims[1:]...)...); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := n.T(0, 2, 1, 3); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := n.Reshape(dims...); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := n.Transpose(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	ts, err := native.SelectF32(n, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var f32s []float32
+	for _, t := range ts {
+		f32s = append(f32s, t...)
+	}
+
+	return f32s, nil
+}
diff --git a/convert/mistral.go b/convert/mistral.go
index f88de12b..da6874cf 100644
--- a/convert/mistral.go
+++ b/convert/mistral.go
@@ -1,17 +1,8 @@
 package convert
 
 import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"os"
 	"regexp"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16"
-	"github.com/pdevine/tensor"
-	"github.com/pdevine/tensor/native"
-	"github.com/x448/float16"
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
 )
@@ -20,90 +11,12 @@ type MistralModel struct {
 	ModelData
 }
 
-func mistralLayerHandler(w io.Writer, r safetensorWriterTo, f *os.File) error {
-	layerSize := r.end - r.start
-
-	var err error
-	tData := make([]uint16, layerSize/2)
-	if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, tData); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var heads uint32
-	if strings.Contains(r.t.Name, "attn_q") {
-		heads = uint32(r.params.AttentionHeads)
-	} else if strings.Contains(r.t.Name, "attn_k") {
-		heads = uint32(r.params.KeyValHeads)
-		if heads == 0 {
-			heads = uint32(r.params.AttentionHeads)
-		}
-	} else {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unknown layer type")
-	}
-
-	tData, err = repack(tData, int(heads), r.t.Shape)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var buf []byte
-	for _, n := range tData {
-		buf = r.bo.AppendUint16(buf, n)
-	}
-
-	tempBuf := make([]uint16, len(tData))
-	tDataF32 := bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(buf)
-	for cnt, v := range tDataF32 {
-		tDataF16 := float16.Fromfloat32(v)
-		tempBuf[cnt] = uint16(tDataF16)
-	}
-
-	if err = binary.Write(w, r.bo, tempBuf); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func repack(data []uint16, heads int, shape []uint64) ([]uint16, error) {
-	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(int(shape[0]), int(shape[1])), tensor.WithBacking(data))
-	origShape := n.Shape().Clone()
-
-	// reshape the tensor and swap axes 1 and 2 to unpack the layer for gguf
-	if err := n.Reshape(heads, 2, origShape[0]/heads/2, origShape[1]); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.T(0, 2, 1, 3); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.Reshape(origShape...); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.Transpose(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	newN, err := native.SelectU16(n, 1)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var fullTensor []uint16
-	for _, v := range newN {
-		fullTensor = append(fullTensor, v...)
-	}
-	return fullTensor, nil
-}
-
 func (m *MistralModel) GetTensors() error {
 	t, err := m.Format.GetTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	m.Tensors = []llm.Tensor{}
-
 	pattern := `^blk\.[0-9]+\.attn_(?P<layer>q|k)\.weight$`
 	re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -114,7 +27,7 @@ func (m *MistralModel) GetTensors() error {
 		matches := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(l.Name, -1)
 		if len(matches) > 0 {
 			wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
-			wt.handler = mistralLayerHandler
+			wt.repacker = m.Repack
 			l.WriterTo = wt
 		}
 		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
@@ -160,3 +73,7 @@ func (m *MistralModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
 
 	return llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder).Encode(ws, kv, m.Tensors)
 }
+
+func (m *MistralModel) Repack(name string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+	return llamaRepack(name, m.Params, data, shape)
+}
diff --git a/convert/mixtral.go b/convert/mixtral.go
index 940df55d..baea68cd 100644
--- a/convert/mixtral.go
+++ b/convert/mixtral.go
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ func (m *MixtralModel) GetTensors() error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	m.Tensors = []llm.Tensor{}
-
 	pattern := `^blk\.[0-9]+\.attn_(?P<layer>q|k)\.weight$`
 	re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ func (m *MixtralModel) GetTensors() error {
 		matches := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(l.Name, -1)
 		if len(matches) > 0 {
 			wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
-			wt.handler = mistralLayerHandler
+			wt.repacker = m.Repack
 			l.WriterTo = wt
 		}
 		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
@@ -83,3 +81,7 @@ func (m *MixtralModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
 
 	return llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder).Encode(ws, kv, m.Tensors)
 }
+
+func (m *MixtralModel) Repack(name string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+	return llamaRepack(name, m.Params, data, shape)
+}
diff --git a/convert/safetensors.go b/convert/safetensors.go
index 69424c4d..9de9a002 100644
--- a/convert/safetensors.go
+++ b/convert/safetensors.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16"
 	"github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure"
@@ -26,9 +27,10 @@ type safetensorWriterTo struct {
 	bo     ByteOrder
 
 	filename string
+	dtype    string
 
 	start, end, padding uint64
-	handler             func(w io.Writer, r safetensorWriterTo, f *os.File) error
+	repacker            func(string, []float32, []uint64) ([]float32, error)
 }
 
 type tensorMetaData struct {
@@ -97,6 +99,10 @@ func (m *SafetensorFormat) readTensors(fn string, offset uint64, params *Params)
 
 	var tensors []llm.Tensor
 	for _, k := range keys {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(k, "self_attn.rotary_emb.inv_freq") {
+			continue
+		}
+
 		vals := parsed[k].(map[string]interface{})
 		var data tensorMetaData
 		if err = mapstructure.Decode(vals, &data); err != nil {
@@ -131,6 +137,8 @@ func (m *SafetensorFormat) readTensors(fn string, offset uint64, params *Params)
 			shape[i] = uint64(data.Shape[i])
 		}
 
+		slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("'%45s': '%30s' %10d [%#v]", k, ggufName, size, data.Shape))
+
 		t := llm.Tensor{
 			Name:   ggufName,
 			Kind:   kind,
@@ -143,6 +151,7 @@ func (m *SafetensorFormat) readTensors(fn string, offset uint64, params *Params)
 			params:   params,
 			bo:       params.ByteOrder,
 			filename: fn,
+			dtype:    data.Type,
 			start:    uint64(data.Offsets[0]),
 			end:      uint64(data.Offsets[1]),
 			padding:  8 + jsonSize,
@@ -228,51 +237,54 @@ func (r safetensorWriterTo) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 
-	// use the handler if one is present
-	if r.handler != nil {
-		return 0, r.handler(w, r, f)
-	}
-
-	remaining := r.end - r.start
-
-	bufSize := uint64(10240)
-	var finished bool
-	for {
-		data := make([]byte, min(bufSize, remaining))
-
-		b, err := io.ReadFull(f, data)
-		remaining -= uint64(b)
-
-		if err == io.EOF || remaining <= 0 {
-			finished = true
-		} else if err != nil {
+	var f32s []float32
+	switch r.dtype {
+	case "F32":
+		f32s = make([]float32, (r.end-r.start)/4)
+		if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, f32s); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+	case "F16":
+		bts := make([]uint16, (r.end-r.start)/2)
+		if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, bts); err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
 
-		// convert bfloat16 -> ieee float32
-		tDataF32 := bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(data)
-
-		switch r.t.Kind {
-		case 0:
-			if err := binary.Write(w, r.bo, tDataF32); err != nil {
-				return 0, err
-			}
-		case 1:
-			// convert float32 -> float16
-			tempBuf := make([]uint16, len(data)/2)
-			for cnt, v := range tDataF32 {
-				tDataF16 := float16.Fromfloat32(v)
-				tempBuf[cnt] = uint16(tDataF16)
-			}
-			if err := binary.Write(w, r.bo, tempBuf); err != nil {
-				return 0, err
-			}
+		for _, b := range bts {
+			f32s = append(f32s, float16.Frombits(b).Float32())
 		}
-		if finished {
-			break
+
+	case "BF16":
+		bts := make([]byte, r.end-r.start)
+		if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, bts); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+
+		f32s = bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(bts)
+	default:
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown data type: %s", r.dtype)
+	}
+
+	if r.repacker != nil {
+		f32s, err = r.repacker(r.t.Name, f32s, r.t.Shape)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
 		}
 	}
-	return 0, nil
+
+	switch r.t.Kind {
+	case 0:
+		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f32s)
+	case 1:
+		f16s := make([]uint16, len(f32s))
+		for i := range f32s {
+			f16s[i] = float16.Fromfloat32(f32s[i]).Bits()
+		}
+
+		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f16s)
+	default:
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown storage type: %d", r.t.Kind)
+	}
 }
 
 func (m *SafetensorFormat) GetModelArch(name, dirPath string, params *Params) (ModelArch, error) {
@@ -281,6 +293,15 @@ func (m *SafetensorFormat) GetModelArch(name, dirPath string, params *Params) (M
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("No architecture specified to convert")
 	case 1:
 		switch params.Architectures[0] {
+		case "LlamaForCausalLM":
+			return &LlamaModel{
+				ModelData{
+					Name:   name,
+					Path:   dirPath,
+					Params: params,
+					Format: m,
+				},
+			}, nil
 		case "MistralForCausalLM":
 			return &MistralModel{
 				ModelData{
diff --git a/convert/tokenizer.go b/convert/tokenizer.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e0fe0bb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/convert/tokenizer.go
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package convert
+
+import (
+	"cmp"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+
+	"golang.org/x/exp/maps"
+)
+
+type Tokenizer struct {
+	Version     string         `json:"version"`
+	AddedTokens []Token        `json:"added_tokens"`
+	Model       TokenizerModel `json:"model"`
+
+	PreTokenizer struct {
+		PreTokenziers []struct {
+			Type    string `json:"type"`
+			Pattern struct {
+				Regex string `json:"Regex"`
+			} `json:"pattern"`
+		} `json:"pretokenizers"`
+	} `json:"pre_tokenizer"`
+}
+
+type TokenizerModel struct {
+	Type   string         `json:"type"`
+	Vocab  map[string]int `json:"vocab"`
+	Merges []string       `json:"merges"`
+	Tokens []Token
+}
+
+type Token struct {
+	ID          int    `json:"id"`
+	Content     string `json:"content"`
+	Special     bool   `json:"special"`
+	UserDefined bool
+}
+
+func (t *Token) Type() int32 {
+	switch {
+	case t.Special:
+		return tokenTypeControl
+	case t.UserDefined:
+		return tokenTypeUserDefined
+	default:
+		return tokenTypeNormal
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *Tokenizer) maxID() int {
+	return max(
+		slices.Max(maps.Values(t.Model.Vocab)),
+		slices.MaxFunc(t.AddedTokens, func(a, b Token) int {
+			return cmp.Compare(a.ID, b.ID)
+		}).ID,
+	)
+}
+
+func parseTokens(dirpath string) (pre string, tokens []Token, merges []string, err error) {
+	f, err := os.Open(dirpath)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	var t Tokenizer
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(f).Decode(&t); err != nil {
+		return "", nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	tokens = make([]Token, t.maxID()+1)
+	for k, v := range t.Model.Vocab {
+		tokens[v] = Token{ID: v, Content: k, Special: false, UserDefined: false}
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range t.AddedTokens {
+		v.UserDefined = true
+		tokens[v.ID] = v
+	}
+
+	sha256sum := sha256.New()
+	for _, pt := range t.PreTokenizer.PreTokenziers {
+		switch pt.Type {
+		case "Split":
+			if pt.Pattern.Regex != "" {
+				sha256sum.Write([]byte(pt.Pattern.Regex))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch digest := fmt.Sprintf("%x", sha256sum.Sum(nil)); digest {
+	case "d98f9631be1e9607a9848c26c1f9eac1aa9fc21ac6ba82a2fc0741af9780a48f":
+		pre = "llama-bpe"
+	case "03df5c5863ad70781dcfdef491ead25140f895fe8010964be0daefe27be32b02":
+		pre = "deepseek-llm"
+	case "21cde974d587f0d54dc8d56b183cc1e6239600172035c68fbd6d4b9f8da0576e":
+		pre = "deepseek-coder"
+	default:
+		slog.Warn("unknown pretokenizer, using default", "digest", digest)
+		pre = "default"
+	}
+
+	return pre, tokens, t.Model.Merges, nil
+}
diff --git a/convert/torch.go b/convert/torch.go
index 92c58872..b7ae0f76 100644
--- a/convert/torch.go
+++ b/convert/torch.go
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ type torchWriterTo struct {
 	params *Params
 	bo     ByteOrder
 
-	storage pytorch.StorageInterface
-	handler func(w io.Writer, r torchWriterTo) error
+	storage  pytorch.StorageInterface
+	repacker func(string, []float32, []uint64) ([]float32, error)
 }
 
 type TorchFormat struct{}
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ type TorchFormat struct{}
 func (tf *TorchFormat) GetTensors(dirpath string, params *Params) ([]llm.Tensor, error) {
 	slog.Debug("getting torch tensors")
 
-	files, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirpath, "pytorch_model-*.bin"))
-	if err != nil {
-		slog.Error("didn't find any torch files")
-		return nil, err
+	var files []string
+	if pt, _ := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirpath, "consolidated*.pth")); len(pt) > 0 {
+		files = append(files, pt...)
+	} else if pt, _ := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirpath, "pytorch_model*.pth")); len(pt) > 0 {
+		files = append(files, pt...)
 	}
 
 	var offset uint64
-
 	var tensors []llm.Tensor
 	for _, fn := range files {
 		m, err := pytorch.Load(fn)
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func (tf *TorchFormat) GetTensors(dirpath string, params *Params) ([]llm.Tensor,
 				slog.Error(err.Error())
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("finding name for '%s' -> '%s'", k.(string), ggufName))
+			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("'%35s': '%30s' %10d [%#v]", k.(string), ggufName, size, tshape))
 
 			shape := []uint64{0, 0, 0, 0}
 			for i := range tshape {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func getAltParams(dirpath string) (*Params, error) {
 		AttentionHeads int     `json:"n_heads"`
 		KeyValHeads    int     `json:"n_kv_heads"`
 		HiddenLayers   int     `json:"n_layers"`
-		RopeTheta      int     `json:"rope_theta"`
+		RopeTheta      float64 `json:"rope_theta"`
 		NormEPS        float64 `json:"norm_eps"`
 	}
 
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ func getAltParams(dirpath string) (*Params, error) {
 	}
 
 	params := &Params{
+		Architectures:  []string{"LlamaForCausalLM"},
 		HiddenSize:     tparams.HiddenSize,
 		AttentionHeads: tparams.AttentionHeads,
 		KeyValHeads:    tparams.KeyValHeads,
@@ -229,37 +230,38 @@ func (m *TorchFormat) GetLayerName(n string) (string, error) {
 }
 
 func (r torchWriterTo) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
-	// use the handler if one is present
-	if r.handler != nil {
-		return 0, r.handler(w, r)
+	var f32s []float32
+	switch s := r.storage.(type) {
+	case *pytorch.FloatStorage:
+		f32s = s.Data
+	case *pytorch.HalfStorage:
+		f32s = s.Data
+	case *pytorch.BFloat16Storage:
+		f32s = s.Data
+	default:
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown data type: %T", s)
 	}
 
-	switch r.storage.(type) {
-	case *pytorch.FloatStorage:
-		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("unexpected storage found for layer '%s'; skipping", r.t.Name))
-		return 0, nil
-	case *pytorch.HalfStorage:
-		switch r.t.Kind {
-		case 0:
-			data := r.storage.(*pytorch.HalfStorage).Data
-			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("%35s F32 (%d)", r.t.Name, len(data)))
-			if err := binary.Write(w, r.bo, data); err != nil {
-				return 0, err
-			}
-		case 1:
-			data := r.storage.(*pytorch.HalfStorage).Data
-			tData := make([]uint16, len(data))
-			for cnt, v := range data {
-				tData[cnt] = uint16(float16.Fromfloat32(v))
-			}
-			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("%35s F16 (%d)", r.t.Name, len(tData)))
-			if err := binary.Write(w, r.bo, tData); err != nil {
-				return 0, err
-			}
+	if r.repacker != nil {
+		f32s, err = r.repacker(r.t.Name, f32s, r.t.Shape)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
 		}
 	}
 
-	return 0, nil
+	switch r.t.Kind {
+	case 0:
+		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f32s)
+	case 1:
+		f16s := make([]uint16, len(f32s))
+		for i := range f32s {
+			f16s[i] = float16.Fromfloat32(f32s[i]).Bits()
+		}
+
+		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f16s)
+	default:
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown storage type: %d", r.t.Kind)
+	}
 }
 
 func (m *TorchFormat) GetModelArch(name, dirPath string, params *Params) (ModelArch, error) {
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 5d0d3c33..255c8a04 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ go 1.22.0
 
 require (
 	github.com/containerd/console v1.0.3
-	github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16 v0.0.0-20211005043715-690c3bdd05f1
 	github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.18.1
 	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ require (
 )
 
 require (
+	github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16 v0.0.0-20211005043715-690c3bdd05f1
 	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.14
 	github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle v0.3.0
 	github.com/pdevine/tensor v0.0.0-20240510204454-f88f4562727c
diff --git a/llm/gguf.go b/llm/gguf.go
index 5f6e8004..eb7d7b75 100644
--- a/llm/gguf.go
+++ b/llm/gguf.go
@@ -62,16 +62,6 @@ func (c *containerGGUF) Decode(rs io.ReadSeeker) (model, error) {
 	return model, nil
 }
 
-const (
-	_ uint32 = iota
-	GGUFTokenNormal
-	GGUFTokenUnknown
-	GGUFTokenControl
-	GGUFTokenUserDefined
-	GGUFTokenUnused
-	GGUFTokenByte
-)
-
 const (
 	ggufTypeUint8 uint32 = iota
 	ggufTypeInt8
@@ -480,9 +470,11 @@ var ggufKVOrder = map[string][]string{
 		"gemma.attention.key_length",
 		"gemma.attention.value_length",
 		"general.file_type",
+		"tokenizer.ggml.pre",
 		"tokenizer.ggml.model",
 		"tokenizer.ggml.tokens",
 		"tokenizer.ggml.scores",
+		"tokenizer.ggml.merges",
 		"tokenizer.ggml.token_type",
 		"tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id",
 		"tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id",